# Grade estimation using a hybrid method of back-propagation artificial neural network and particle swarm optimization with integrated samples coordinate and local variability

> Research article (Computers & Geosciences, 2021) · cited 16× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3211455274](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3211455274)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/grade-estimation-using-a-hybrid-method-of-back-propagation-artificial-neural-network-and-particle-swarm-optimization-wit