# Gorizont 27
**Wikidata**: [Q16061195](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16061195)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/gorizont-27

## Summary
Gorizont 27 is a Soviet/Russian communications satellite launched on November 27, 1992, as part of the Gorizont series, which operated from 1978 to 2000. It was deployed to provide telecommunications services, including television broadcasting and data transmission, primarily for the Soviet and later Russian space program. The satellite was launched aboard a Proton-K rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date**: November 27, 1992.
- **Launch Vehicle**: Proton-K rocket with a Blok DM-2 space tug.
- **Launch Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81/23.
- **Satellite Catalog Number (SCN)**: 22245.
- **COSPAR ID**: 1992-082A.
- **Class**: Part of the Gorizont series of geostationary communications satellites.
- **Operational Period**: Gorizont satellites were active between 1978 and 2000.

## FAQs
### Q: When was Gorizont 27 launched?
A: Gorizont 27 was launched on November 27, 1992, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan using a Proton-K rocket.

### Q: What was the purpose of Gorizont 27?
A: Gorizont 27 was designed to provide telecommunications services, including television broadcasting, telephone communications, and data transmission, supporting both civilian and military operations.

### Q: What rocket was used to launch Gorizont 27?
A: The satellite was launched aboard a Proton-K carrier rocket, a Soviet/Russian expendable launch system widely used for deploying satellites into geostationary orbit.

## Why It Matters
Gorizont 27 played a critical role in maintaining and expanding the Soviet and Russian telecommunications network during the 1990s. As part of the Gorizont series, it contributed to the development of global communication infrastructure, enabling cross-continental broadcasting and data relay services. These satellites were instrumental in bridging communication gaps, particularly in remote regions of the Soviet Union and later the Russian Federation. The Proton-K rocket’s reliability and the Blok DM-2 space tug’s precision underscored the technological capabilities of the Soviet/Russian space program during this period. Gorizont 27 represents a key component of the broader effort to establish a robust, geostationary satellite network that supported both civilian and military strategic interests.

## Notable For
- **Series Longevity**: Part of the Gorizont program, which spanned 22 years (1978–2000) and included multiple satellite deployments.
- **Launch Technology**: Utilized the Proton-K rocket and Blok DM-2 space tug, a combination critical for placing payloads into geostationary orbit.
- **Geostationary Role**: Operated in geostationary orbit, providing continuous coverage over a fixed region, essential for broadcasting and telecommunications.

## Body
### Launch Details
- **Date**: November 27, 1992.
- **Rocket**: Proton-K (a heavy-lift launch vehicle) with a Blok DM-2 upper stage for orbital insertion.
- **Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81/23, a launch pad in modern-day Kazakhstan.

### Satellite Specifications
- **SCN**: 22245 (unique identifier for tracking in Earth orbit).
- **COSPAR ID**: 1992-082A (international designation for the satellite).
- **Class**: Gorizont, a series of satellites designed for telecommunications, manufactured by NPO PM (now ISS Reshetnev).

### Mission Context
- **Series Significance**: The Gorizont satellites were pivotal in establishing the Soviet Union’s and later Russia’s presence in global telecommunications, offering services such as television broadcasting, telephone communications, and military communications.
- **Operational Legacy**: Gorizont 27 operated alongside other satellites in the series, ensuring redundancy and broad coverage. The program concluded in 2000, succeeded by newer satellite constellations like the Express series.

## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report