# General ruling of the city of Mannheim dated 12.12.2020
**Wikidata**: [Q104157090](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104157090)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/general-ruling-of-the-city-of-mannheim-dated-12-12-2020

## Summary
The **General ruling of the city of Mannheim dated 12.12.2020** is an administrative legal order (*Allgemeinverfügung*) issued by the municipal government of Mannheim, Germany. Signed by Lord Mayor Peter Kurz, the document addresses public health regulations regarding the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Mannheim. It serves as an official record of local government response to the global health crisis.

## Key Facts
- **Official Title**: General ruling of the city of Mannheim dated 12.12.2020
- **Type of Entity**: Document, *Allgemeinverfügung* (General Ruling)
- **Main Subject**: 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Mannheim
- **Issuing Authority**: City of Mannheim
- **Signatory**: Peter Kurz
- **Date of Issue**: December 12, 2020 (2020-12-12)
- **Jurisdiction**: Germany
- **Language**: German
- **File Format**: PDF
- **Access URL**: https://www.mannheim.de/sites/default/files/2020-12/201212%20Allgemeinverf%C3%BCgung.pdf
- **Wikimedia Commons**: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Allgemeinverfügung_der_Stadt_Mannheim_vom_12.12.2020.pdf

## FAQs
**What is the legal classification of this document?**
The document is classified as an *Allgemeinverfügung* (general ruling). In German administrative law, this is an administrative act that addresses a general group of persons or concerns legal relationships regarding public things, distinct from a law passed by parliament.

**Who authorized and signed the ruling?**
The ruling was authorized by the City of Mannheim and bears the signature of Peter Kurz, identifying him as the signatory responsible for the issuance at that time.

**What specific event does this document address?**
The primary subject of the document is the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Mannheim, specifically regulating measures or announcements related to the pandemic situation on December 12, 2020.

**Where can the document be accessed digitally?**
The document is available for public viewing as a PDF file on the official City of Mannheim website. It is also archived and accessible via Wikimedia Commons.

## Why It Matters
This document functions as a critical artifact of public health history and municipal governance during the 2020 global crisis. As a primary source, it evidences the specific local implementation of pandemic restrictions in a major German city. It demonstrates the practical application of administrative law (*Allgemeinverfügung*) to rapidly evolving public health emergencies, bridging the gap between federal guidelines and local enforcement in Mannheim.

## Notable For
- **Specific Administrative Form**: Distinct as an *Allgemeinverfügung*, a specific type of German administrative order used for immediate regulatory effects on the general public.
- **Historical Timestamp**: Captures the state of the COVID-19 pandemic response in Mannheim on a specific date (December 12, 2020), during the height of the "second wave" in Europe.
- **Digital Availability**: Notable for being officially hosted on a municipal server and mirrored on Wikimedia Commons, ensuring long-term accessibility.
- **Municipal Authority**: Illustrates the direct legal power exercised by local city officials, specifically Mayor Peter Kurz, in crisis management.

## Body

### Nature and Definition
The entity is an instance of a **document**, formally defined as a form for the preservation of structured and identified information. It falls under the subclass of an **Allgemeinverfügung** (general ruling), which is a legal instrument used by German authorities. Unlike a general statute, this type of document is an administrative order directed at a general circle of persons or concerning public matters, in this case, public health safety.

### Historical Context and Main Subject
Issued on **December 12, 2020**, the document is a direct response to the **2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Mannheim**. The year 2020 marked a significant period in global and German history, characterized by the implementation of the Euro currency (in place since 2002) and strict public health measures. The issuance of this ruling under the governance of **Peter Kurz** represents the local application of broader German pandemic strategies.

### Geographic and Political Jurisdiction
The ruling originates from **Mannheim**, a city located within the Federal Republic of **Germany**. Germany, a sovereign state in Central Europe with its capital in Berlin, operates under a federal parliamentary republic system. The document is written in **German**, the official language of the state. The authority to issue such rulings stems from the municipality's power to regulate local affairs within the framework of the German legal system.

### Accessibility and Preservation
To ensure transparency and archival integrity, the document is preserved in a digital format.
*   **Official Host**: The primary source is the official Mannheim city website (`mannheim.de`), where it is stored as a PDF file.
*   **Archival Mirror**: A copy is preserved on **Wikimedia Commons**, ensuring redundancy and ease of access for public knowledge bases.
*   **URI/URL**: The specific identifier for the document is the URL ending in `201212%20Allgemeinverf%C3%BCgung.pdf`.

### Signatory
The validity of the ruling is executed by **Peter Kurz**, who is listed as the signatory. This attribute ties the document to the specific political leadership of Mannheim at the time of its creation.