# French constitutional monarchy

> Constitutional monarchy of France (1791–1792)

**Wikidata**: [Q69323](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69323)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_France_(1791–92))  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/french-constitutional-monarchy

## Summary
The French constitutional monarchy was a short-lived sovereign state and historical regime that governed France from September 4, 1791, to September 21, 1792. Established during the French Revolution, it replaced the absolute Kingdom of France and served as a transitional government before the founding of the French First Republic.

## Key Facts
- **Official Name**: Constitutional monarchy of France (also known as Kingdom of France (1791–92)).
- **Existence**: September 4, 1791 – September 21, 1792.
- **Entity Type**: Historical country, sovereign state, constitutional monarchy, regime.
- **Capital**: Paris.
- **Official Language**: French.
- **Currency**: Assignat (French franc).
- **Preceded By**: Kingdom of France (987–1792).
- **Succeeded By**: French First Republic (1792–1804).
- **Government Type**: Constitutional monarchy.
- **Location**: France (Western Europe).
- **Coordinates**: 48.856944444444444° N, 2.3513888888888888° E.
- **Flag**: Flag of France (1790–1794).svg; Flag of French-Navy-Revolution.svg.
- **Coat of Arms**: Coat of arms of France 1790-92.svg.
- **Dissolution Date**: September 21, 1792.
- **Inception Date**: September 4, 1791.
- **Related Historical Orders**: Order of the Holy Spirit (active 1578–1791, 1814–1830).

## FAQs
**What was the French constitutional monarchy?**
The French constitutional monarchy was a sovereign state and regime that existed from September 1791 to September 1792, serving as the government of France between the fall of the absolute Kingdom of France and the establishment of the French First Republic.

**What government preceded the French constitutional monarchy?**
It was preceded by the Kingdom of France, a monarchy in Western Europe that existed from 987 to 1792, which it replaced following the events of the French Revolution.

**What government succeeded the French constitutional monarchy?**
The regime was succeeded by the French First Republic on September 21, 1792, following the abolition of the monarchy.

**What were the symbols of the French constitutional monarchy?**
The state used a specific flag (Flag of France (1790–1794)) and a distinct coat of arms (Coat of arms of France 1790-92.svg), differing from the symbols of the preceding Kingdom.

**What currency was used during the French constitutional monarchy?**
The official currency during this period was the assignat, a type of paper money used during the French Revolution.

## Why It Matters
The French constitutional monarchy represents a critical, albeit brief, phase in the French Revolution. It marked the formal end of absolute monarchy in France, attempting to establish a liberal constitutional framework under King Louis XVI. This period bridged the gap between the ancient Kingdom of France, which had existed for nearly 800 years, and the radical republican governance that followed. Its failure and subsequent dissolution on September 21, 1792, signaled the definitive collapse of royal authority in France and the rise of the French First Republic, fundamentally altering the trajectory of European political history.

## Notable For
- **Transitional Regime**: Served as the specific governmental bridge between the absolute Kingdom of France and the French First Republic.
- **Constitutional Framework**: Represented the first attempt to limit the power of the French monarch through a written constitution.
- **Short Duration**: Lasted exactly one year and seventeen days, making it one of the shortest-lived regimes in French history.
- **Historical Classification**: Classified distinctively as a "constitutional monarchy" and "historical country" in sovereign state records.
- **Symbolic Shift**: Introduced new state symbols, including the 1790–1794 flag, distinguishing it from the royalist emblems of the prior kingdom.

## Body

### Historical Context and Inception
The French constitutional monarchy was established on September 4, 1791. It replaced the Kingdom of France, a sovereign state that had existed since 987. The transition occurred amidst the upheaval of the French Revolution, moving the nation from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional framework. This regime is categorized as a historical country, a sovereign state, and a constitutional monarchy.

### Political Structure and Governance
The state operated as a constitutional monarchy with Paris as its capital. The official language was French. Unlike the preceding absolute monarchy, this regime's power was defined and restricted by a constitution. It replaced the structures of the Kingdom of France and, in turn, was replaced by the French First Republic. The regime also reinstated or maintained relations with certain historical entities, such as the Order of the Holy Spirit, a French order of chivalry that had periods of activity spanning 1578–1791 and 1814–1830.

### Symbols and Attributes
The regime utilized specific national symbols during its existence. The flag used was the "Flag of France (1790–1794).svg," and a naval flag, "Flag of French-Navy-Revolution.svg," was also in use. The coat of arms, "Coat of arms of France 1790-92.svg," visually represented the state. The geographic coordinates for the capital, Paris, were recorded as 48.856944444444444° N, 2.3513888888888888° E.

### Economy and Currency
The primary currency circulating during this period was the assignat, a form of paper money introduced during the French Revolution. This currency replaced the earlier systems of the Kingdom of France, such as the French livre and Louis d'or, and preceded the monetary systems of the French First Republic.

### Dissolution and Succession
The French constitutional monarchy was dissolved on September 21, 1792. Its dissolution marked the end of monarchical rule in France during this revolutionary period. It was immediately succeeded by the French First Republic, a sovereign state that governed France from 1792 to 1804. The First Republic was established on the same date as the monarchy's dissolution, September 21, 1792, and continued the revolutionary transformation of the French state until it was replaced by the First French Empire in 1804.

### Related Entities and Connections
The regime is linked to several key historical and political entities. It followed the Kingdom of France (987–1792) and was followed by the French First Republic. It is associated with the country of France and the capital city of Paris. Notable individuals connected to this era include Carlo Lauberg, a French politician and scientist, and Jean-Honoré Fragonard, a French painter (1732–1806). The regime is also categorized under broader concepts such as "historical country," "constitutional monarchy," "kingdom," and "sovereign state."