# Frascati

> Italian comune

**Wikidata**: [Q190963](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190963)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frascati)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/frascati

## Summary
Frascati is an Italian comune located in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio region. It is known for its historical significance as the birthplace of the Italian Republic and its scientific contributions, including the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, a major nuclear physics research institute. The town is also home to the European Space Agency's (ESA) Center for Earth Observation and features notable landmarks such as the Frascati Cathedral and Tusculum, an ancient Roman archaeological site.

## Key Facts
- **Administrative Status**: Comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio region, Italy.
- **Population**: 22,331 (2023), 22,450 (2022), 22,794 (2021).
- **Coordinates**: 41.8167° N, 12.6833° E.
- **Website**: [http://www.comune.frascati.rm.it/](http://www.comune.frascati.rm.it/).
- **Notable Institutions**:
  - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (established 1954–1955), a nuclear physics research institute.
  - ESA Centre for Earth Observation (established 1966), a research center for Earth observation.
- **Historical Sites**:
  - Frascati Cathedral (established 1636).
  - Tusculum, an ancient Roman city and archaeological site.
- **Transportation**:
  - Frascati railway station, serving the town.
  - Tor Vergata railway halt, a nearby railway station.
- **Cultural Landmarks**:
  - Villa Lancellotti, Villa Torlonia, and Villa Rufinella, historic villas in Frascati.
  - Church of the Gesù (established 1696).
- **Related Entities**:
  - Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati.
  - The Spaceguard Foundation (established 1996), a private organization based in Frascati.
  - Twelfth Air Force (established 1942), a U.S. Air Force unit with historical ties to Frascati.

## FAQs
**What is the population of Frascati?**
Frascati has a population of approximately 22,331 residents, with slight variations in recent years (22,450 in 2022 and 22,794 in 2021).

**What are the main scientific institutions in Frascati?**
Frascati is home to the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, a nuclear physics research institute, and the ESA Centre for Earth Observation, a key research center for Earth observation.

**What historical sites are located in Frascati?**
Frascati features the Frascati Cathedral, Tusculum (an ancient Roman city and archaeological site), and several historic villas, including Villa Lancellotti, Villa Torlonia, and Villa Rufinella.

**What is the significance of Tusculum?**
Tusculum is an ancient Roman city and archaeological site in the Alban Hills, known for its historical and cultural importance, including its association with the Roman poet Virgil.

**What is the ESA Centre for Earth Observation?**
The ESA Centre for Earth Observation is a research center established in 1966, focusing on Earth observation and satellite-based data analysis.

**What is the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati?**
The Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati is a nuclear physics research institute established in 1954–1955, affiliated with the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN).

## Why It Matters
Frascati holds significant historical and scientific importance. As the birthplace of the Italian Republic, it played a pivotal role in Italy's political evolution. The town is also a hub for scientific research, home to the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati and the ESA Centre for Earth Observation, contributing to advancements in nuclear physics and Earth observation. Its ancient sites, such as Tusculum, reflect its rich Roman heritage, while its modern infrastructure supports ongoing research and innovation. Frascati's strategic location and diverse cultural and scientific landscape make it a unique and influential comune in Italy.

## Notable For
- **Scientific Contributions**: Hosts the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, a leading nuclear physics research institute.
- **Historical Significance**: Birthplace of the Italian Republic and home to Tusculum, an ancient Roman city.
- **Cultural Heritage**: Features the Frascati Cathedral and historic villas, including Villa Lancellotti and Villa Torlonia.
- **Space Research**: Houses the ESA Centre for Earth Observation, a key research center for Earth observation.
- **Ancient Archaeological Site**: Tusculum, an important Roman archaeological site, is located within the comune.
- **Transportation Hub**: Served by Frascati railway station and Tor Vergata railway halt, facilitating regional connectivity.

## Body
### Basic Information
Frascati is an Italian comune located in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio region. It is known for its historical and scientific significance, including the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati and the ESA Centre for Earth Observation. The town features notable landmarks such as the Frascati Cathedral and Tusculum, an ancient Roman archaeological site.

### Population and Geography
Frascati has a population of approximately 22,331 residents, with coordinates at 41.8167° N, 12.6833° E. The comune is part of the Metropolitan City of Rome and is situated in the Lazio region of Italy.

### Scientific Institutions
Frascati is home to several significant scientific institutions:
- **Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati**: A nuclear physics research institute established in 1954–1955, affiliated with the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN).
- **ESA Centre for Earth Observation**: A research center established in 1966, focusing on Earth observation and satellite-based data analysis.

### Historical Sites
Frascati features several historical sites:
- **Frascati Cathedral**: Established in 1636, it is a notable religious landmark in the town.
- **Tusculum**: An ancient Roman city and archaeological site in the Alban Hills, known for its historical and cultural importance.
- **Historic Villas**: Includes Villa Lancellotti, Villa Torlonia, Villa Rufinella, Villa Aldobrandini, and Villa Falconieri, historic villas in Frascati.

### Transportation
Frascati is served by:
- **Frascati Railway Station**: A railway station serving the town.
- **Tor Vergata Railway Halt**: A nearby railway station providing additional transportation options.

### Cultural Landmarks
Frascati features several cultural landmarks:
- **Church of the Gesù**: Established in 1696, it is a notable religious building in the town.
- **Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati**: A diocese with historical significance in the region.

### Related Entities
Frascati is related to several other entities:
- **The Spaceguard Foundation**: A private organization established in 1996, based in Frascati and focused on studying outer-space objects to protect the Earth from potential collisions.
- **Twelfth Air Force**: A U.S. Air Force unit established in 1942, with historical ties to Frascati.

### Online Presence
Frascati has an official website at [http://www.comune.frascati.rm.it/](http://www.comune.frascati.rm.it/), providing information and services to residents and visitors. The comune is also represented in various online platforms and databases, including Wikipedia, Wikidata, and Wikimedia Commons.

## References

1. Virtual International Authority File
2. BnF authorities
3. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
4. Czech National Authority Database
5. MusicBrainz
6. Italian National Institute of Statistics
7. [Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018. Italian National Institute of Statistics](http://demo.istat.it/pop2018/index3.html)
8. [Source](https://demo.istat.it/?l=it)
9. [Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011. Italian National Institute of Statistics](https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/156224)
10. Wiki Loves Monuments Italia
11. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aiort.php)
12. National Library of Israel Names and Subjects Authority File
13. Seismic classification in Italy
14. [Source](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/sismico/attivita/classificazione-sismica)
15. museum-digital