# Frankenstein

> 1931 film directed by James Whale

**Wikidata**: [Q546829](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546829)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankenstein_(1931_film))  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/frankenstein

## Summary
*Frankenstein* is a 1931 horror film directed by James Whale, produced by Universal Pictures, and part of the National Film Registry. It is classified as a film, horror film, science fiction film, and monster film. The movie was released in the United States, where it became a significant cultural artifact.

## Key Facts
- **Type**: Film, horror film, science fiction film, monster film.
- **Director**: James Whale.
- **Production Company**: Universal Pictures (founded 1912, based in the United States).
- **Release Dates**: November 21, 1931, and November 28, 1932.
- **Preservation Status**: Included in the National Film Registry (established 1988).
- **Country of Origin**: United States.
- **Sitelink Count**: 47 (indicating its prominence in online references).

## FAQs
**What genre does *Frankenstein* belong to?**
*Frankenstein* is classified as a horror film, science fiction film, and monster film, reflecting its themes of creation, horror, and supernatural elements.

**Who directed *Frankenstein*?**
The film was directed by James Whale, a notable figure in early horror cinema.

**Where was *Frankenstein* produced?**
The film was produced by Universal Pictures, an American film and distribution company founded in 1912.

**When was *Frankenstein* released?**
The film was released in the United States on November 21, 1931, and again on November 28, 1932.

**Is *Frankenstein* preserved in any archives?**
Yes, the film is included in the National Film Registry, a collection of culturally significant films maintained by the United States Library of Congress.

## Why It Matters
*Frankenstein* holds cultural significance as one of the earliest adaptations of Mary Shelley’s novel, blending horror and science fiction. Its inclusion in the National Film Registry underscores its lasting impact on cinema. As a product of Universal Pictures, it reflects the era’s fascination with monsters and scientific experimentation, contributing to the development of horror as a distinct film genre.

## Notable For
- **Genre Innovation**: One of the first major horror films to blend science fiction and Gothic elements.
- **Cultural Preservation**: Selected for the National Film Registry, ensuring its historical relevance.
- **Directorial Achievement**: Directed by James Whale, who later became known for his work in horror and fantasy films.

## Body
### Classification and Genre
*Frankenstein* is categorized as a film, horror film, science fiction film, and monster film, highlighting its thematic and narrative focus on creation, horror, and the supernatural. These classifications reflect its place in early 20th-century cinema, where horror and science fiction were emerging as distinct genres.

### Production and Distribution
Produced by Universal Pictures, the film was distributed in the United States, where it was released on November 21, 1931, and again on November 28, 1932. Universal Pictures, founded in 1912, played a pivotal role in shaping American cinema, particularly in the horror and science fiction genres.

### Historical Context
The film was directed by James Whale, a director known for his work in horror and fantasy. Its inclusion in the National Film Registry, established in 1988, signifies its cultural importance and preservation as a historical artifact. The registry’s selection underscores the film’s enduring legacy in cinema.

### Cultural Impact
As one of the earliest adaptations of Mary Shelley’s *Frankenstein*, the film contributed to the development of horror and science fiction as distinct genres. Its themes of creation, horror, and the supernatural resonated with audiences, influencing later works in the genre. The film’s preservation in the National Film Registry ensures its continued study and appreciation as a foundational work in horror cinema.

## References

1. IMDb
2. [Source](http://subtitrari.regielive.ro/frankenstein-4833/)
3. Online-Filmdatenbank
4. AlloCiné
5. FilmAffinity
6. [Source](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0021884/fullcredits)
7. The Movie Database
8. [Source](https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/)
9. Frankenstein. Rotten Tomatoes
10. Box Office Mojo
11. [Source](http://www.sfi.se/sv/svensk-filmdatabas/Item/?itemid=11803&type=MOVIE&iv=Basic)
12. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
13. The Literary Monster on Film
14. [2017](https://engineering.stanford.edu/magazine/article/audrey-shafer-frankenstein-holds-mirror-modern-science)
15. The Numbers
16. Kinopoisk
17. [Source](https://www.kijkwijzer.nl/films/frankenstein-1/)
18. [Source](https://www.kijkwijzer.nl/films/frankenstein-1931/)
19. terjesztesre_kerulo_filmalkotasok_nyilvantartasa.xlsx
20. List of film licenses issued from 1945 to 2020
21. film distribution certificate
22. Bechdel Test Movie List
23. mymovies.it
24. Frankenstein
25. [Source](https://www.acmi.net.au/works/91041)
26. National Library of Israel Names and Subjects Authority File
27. TheTVDB
28. Trakt.tv
29. FilmVandaag.nl