# Fractal Dimension as an Effective Feature for Characterizing Hard Marine Growth Roughness from Underwater Image Processing in Controlled and Uncontrolled Image Environments

> Research article (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2021) · cited 17× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3215677541](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3215677541)  
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