# FO-PINN: A First-Order formulation for Physics-Informed Neural Networks

> Research article (Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 2025) · cited 21× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4407932685](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4407932685)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/fo-pinn-a-first-order-formulation-for-physics-informed-neural-networks