# First Saudi State > 1727–1818 included most of Arabian Peninsula **Wikidata**: [Q146871](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146871) **Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Saudi_state) **Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/first-saudi-state ## Summary The First Saudi State was a historical country that existed from 1727 to 1818 and encompassed most of the Arabian Peninsula. It was founded as the Emirate of Diriyah and is recognized as the precursor to modern Saudi Arabia, playing a pivotal role in the establishment of the Al Saud dynasty and the spread of Wahhabism. ## Key Facts - **Existence**: The First Saudi State operated from 1727 to 1818, covering most of the Arabian Peninsula. - **Founding**: It was established as the Emirate of Diriyah in 1744, following the alliance between Muhammad bin Saud and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. - **Dissolution**: The state was dissolved on September 9, 1818, following military conflict with the Ottoman Empire. - **Geographical Scope**: The state included most of the Arabian Peninsula, with coordinates approximately at latitude 24.733333 and longitude 46.575556. - **Aliases**: Also known as the 1st Saudi State, First State of Saudi, and Emirate of Diriyah. - **Predecessor**: The Emirate of Diriyah (1447–1744) preceded the First Saudi State. - **Successor**: The Second Saudi State (1818–1891) succeeded the First Saudi State. - **Key Figures**: - **Muhammad bin Saud**: Founder of the Emirate of Diriyah and the Al Saud dynasty (1687–1765). - **Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab**: Islamic scholar and jurist, eponym of the Wahhabi movement (1703–1792). - **Saud I**: Saudi Emir (1640–1726), predecessor to Muhammad bin Saud. - **Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya**: Saudi woman who led military resistance against the Ottoman invasion. - **Suleiman ibn Abdullah Aal Al-Sheikh**: Islamic theologian associated with the state. - **Abd al-Latif Al ash-Sheikh**: Another notable Islamic theologian. - **Related Movements**: Wahhabism, a Sunni Islamic revivalist and fundamentalist movement, was closely associated with the state. - **Language**: Arabic was the primary language of the state. - **Classification**: The First Saudi State is classified as a former entity and a historical country. ## FAQs **What was the First Saudi State?** The First Saudi State was a historical country that existed from 1727 to 1818, covering most of the Arabian Peninsula. It was founded as the Emirate of Diriyah and played a crucial role in the establishment of the Al Saud dynasty and the spread of Wahhabism. **Who founded the First Saudi State?** The state was founded by Muhammad bin Saud, who established the Emirate of Diriyah in 1744. He allied with Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a prominent Islamic scholar, to form the state. **What was the role of Wahhabism in the First Saudi State?** Wahhabism, a Sunni Islamic revivalist and fundamentalist movement, was closely associated with the First Saudi State. Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the eponym of the movement, played a significant role in the state's establishment and religious policies. **Who were some notable figures associated with the First Saudi State?** Key figures include Muhammad bin Saud, the founder of the Al Saud dynasty; Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the Islamic scholar; Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya, who led military resistance against the Ottomans; and Islamic theologians like Suleiman ibn Abdullah Aal Al-Sheikh and Abd al-Latif Al ash-Sheikh. **What happened to the First Saudi State?** The First Saudi State was dissolved on September 9, 1818, following military conflict with the Ottoman Empire. It was succeeded by the Second Saudi State, which existed from 1818 to 1891. ## Why It Matters The First Saudi State is significant as the precursor to modern Saudi Arabia, laying the foundation for the Al Saud dynasty and the spread of Wahhabism. It played a crucial role in the political and religious landscape of the Arabian Peninsula during the 18th and early 19th centuries. The state's establishment and policies influenced the region's history, shaping the future of Saudi Arabia and its religious identity. ## Notable For - **Founding the Al Saud Dynasty**: The First Saudi State was instrumental in establishing the Al Saud dynasty, which continues to rule Saudi Arabia today. - **Spread of Wahhabism**: The state was closely associated with the Wahhabi movement, contributing to its spread across the Arabian Peninsula. - **Military Resistance**: Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya's leadership in military resistance against the Ottoman invasion highlights the state's role in regional conflicts. - **Historical Significance**: As a historical country, the First Saudi State is a key entity in the study of the Arabian Peninsula's political and religious history. ## Body ### History The First Saudi State, also known as the Emirate of Diriyah, was established in 1744 following an alliance between Muhammad bin Saud and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. This alliance marked the beginning of the Al Saud dynasty and the spread of Wahhabism, a Sunni Islamic revivalist movement. The state encompassed most of the Arabian Peninsula and played a pivotal role in the region's political and religious landscape. ### Founding and Key Figures Muhammad bin Saud, the founder of the Emirate of Diriyah, is credited with establishing the First Saudi State. He allied with Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a prominent Islamic scholar and jurist, to form the state. Other notable figures associated with the state include Saud I, an earlier Saudi Emir; Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya, who led military resistance against the Ottoman invasion; and Islamic theologians like Suleiman ibn Abdullah Aal Al-Sheikh and Abd al-Latif Al ash-Sheikh. ### Dissolution and Successor The First Saudi State was dissolved on September 9, 1818, following military conflict with the Ottoman Empire. It was succeeded by the Second Saudi State, which existed from 1818 to 1891. The dissolution of the First Saudi State marked a significant transition in the region's political history. ### Geographical Scope The First Saudi State included most of the Arabian Peninsula, with coordinates approximately at latitude 24.733333 and longitude 46.575556. This geographical scope highlights the state's extensive influence and control over the region. ### Related Movements and Language Wahhabism, a Sunni Islamic revivalist and fundamentalist movement, was closely associated with the First Saudi State. The primary language of the state was Arabic, reflecting its cultural and religious identity. ### Classification and Aliases The First Saudi State is classified as a former entity and a historical country. It is also known by aliases such as the 1st Saudi State, First State of Saudi, and Emirate of Diriyah. ### Predecessor and Successor States The Emirate of Diriyah (1447–1744) preceded the First Saudi State. The Bani Khalid Emirate, which arose in the eastern region of the Saudi Arabia Peninsula in 1669, was another significant entity in the region. The Second Saudi State (1818–1891) succeeded the First Saudi State, continuing the legacy of the Al Saud dynasty. ### Notable Events and Figures Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya's leadership in military resistance against the Ottoman invasion is a notable event in the history of the First Saudi State. Her role highlights the state's involvement in regional conflicts and its efforts to maintain independence. ## References 1. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013