# Evaluating Generalization, Bias, and Fairness in Deep Learning for Metal Surface Defect Detection: A Comparative Study

> Research article (Processes, 2024) · cited 15× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4392095740](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4392095740)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/evaluating-generalization-bias-and-fairness-in-deep-learning-for-metal-surface-defect-detection-a-comparative-study