# Estimation of Primary Quantization Steps in Double-Compressed JPEG Images Using a Statistical Model of Discrete Cosine Transform

> Research article (IEEE Access, 2019) · cited 23× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2949446228](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2949446228)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/estimation-of-primary-quantization-steps-in-double-compressed-jpeg-images-using-a-statistical-model-of-discrete-cosine-t