# Enhanced Torque Estimation in Variable Leakage Flux PMSM Combining High and Low Frequency Signal Injection

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2022) · cited 20× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4313182518](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4313182518)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/enhanced-torque-estimation-in-variable-leakage-flux-pmsm-combining-high-and-low-frequency-signal-injection
