# End-to-End Learning for VCSEL-Based Optical Interconnects: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Opportunities

> Research article (Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2023) · cited 42× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4323338436](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4323338436)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/end-to-end-learning-for-vcsel-based-optical-interconnects-state-of-the-art-challenges-and-opportunities