# Dog growls express various contextual and affective content for human listeners

> Research article (Royal Society Open Science, 2017) · cited 59× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2615183991](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2615183991)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/dog-growls-express-various-contextual-and-affective-content-for-human-listeners