# Direct Torque Control for Three-Phase Open-End Winding PMSM With Common DC Bus Based on Duty Ratio Modulation

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019) · cited 53× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2967968015](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2967968015)  
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