# Direct Oil Cooling of End-Windings in Torus-Type Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Machines

> Research article (IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2021) · cited 38× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3130957252](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3130957252)  
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