# Deep learning-based automatic defect detection of photovoltaic modules in infrared, electroluminescence, and red–green–blue images

> Research article (Energy Conversion and Management, 2025) · cited 11× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4409260100](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4409260100)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/deep-learning-based-automatic-defect-detection-of-photovoltaic-modules-in-infrared-electroluminescence-and-redgreenblue-