# CSG 1

> Italian reconnaissance satellite

**Wikidata**: [Q125778728](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125778728)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/csg-1-q125778728

## Summary
CSG 1 is an Italian reconnaissance satellite launched on December 18, 2019, as part of the COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation program. It is equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for military and intelligence applications, operating in a sun-synchronous orbit.

## Key Facts
- **Launch date**: December 18, 2019, at 08:54 UTC
- **Launch site**: Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (French Guiana)
- **Launch vehicle**: Soyuz-2.1a rocket
- **Operator**: Italian Space Agency
- **Manufacturer**: Thales Alenia Space
- **Mass**: 2,205 kg (launch weight)
- **Orbit**: Sun-synchronous orbit
- **Payload**: Synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
- **Design life**: 7 years
- **Spacecraft bus**: PRIMA
- **Upper stage**: Fregat-M
- **Aliases**: COSMO-SkyMed Second Gen 1, COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Gen 1
- **COSPAR ID**: 2019-092A

## FAQs
### Q: What type of satellite is CSG 1?
A: CSG 1 is a reconnaissance satellite equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for military and intelligence applications.

### Q: Who operates CSG 1?
A: The Italian Space Agency operates CSG 1 as part of the COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation program.

### Q: What is the purpose of CSG 1?
A: CSG 1 is designed for reconnaissance, providing high-resolution radar imagery for defense and security purposes.

### Q: How long is CSG 1 expected to operate?
A: CSG 1 has a design life of 7 years, though its operational lifespan may extend beyond this period.

### Q: What rocket launched CSG 1?
A: CSG 1 was launched by a Soyuz-2.1a rocket from the Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz in French Guiana.

## Why It Matters
CSG 1 is part of Italy's COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation program, which enhances the country's military and intelligence capabilities through advanced radar imaging. The satellite's synthetic aperture radar allows for high-resolution Earth observation, enabling precise monitoring and reconnaissance. By operating in a sun-synchronous orbit, CSG 1 ensures consistent imaging conditions, critical for defense and security applications. The program supports Italy's strategic goals in space-based surveillance and contributes to global efforts in satellite-based reconnaissance.

## Notable For
- **First of its kind**: CSG 1 is the first satellite in the COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation series, representing a significant upgrade from previous models.
- **Advanced radar capabilities**: Equipped with synthetic aperture radar, it provides high-resolution imagery for military and intelligence purposes.
- **Sun-synchronous orbit**: Ensures consistent imaging conditions, crucial for reconnaissance and surveillance.
- **Italian Space Agency collaboration**: Operated by the Italian Space Agency, it supports Italy's space-based defense initiatives.
- **Thales Alenia Space manufacturing**: Built by Thales Alenia Space, leveraging the company's expertise in satellite technology.

## Body
### Overview
CSG 1 is an Italian reconnaissance satellite launched on December 18, 2019, as part of the COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation program. It is equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for military and intelligence applications, operating in a sun-synchronous orbit.

### Technical Specifications
- **Mass**: 2,205 kg (launch weight)
- **Orbit**: Sun-synchronous orbit
- **Payload**: Synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
- **Design life**: 7 years
- **Spacecraft bus**: PRIMA
- **Upper stage**: Fregat-M
- **Power source**: Spacecraft solar array (2 panels)

### Launch Details
- **Launch date**: December 18, 2019, at 08:54 UTC
- **Launch site**: Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (French Guiana)
- **Launch vehicle**: Soyuz-2.1a rocket

### Operational Details
- **Operator**: Italian Space Agency
- **Manufacturer**: Thales Alenia Space
- **Aliases**: COSMO-SkyMed Second Gen 1, COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Gen 1
- **COSPAR ID**: 2019-092A

### Significance
CSG 1 is part of Italy's COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation program, which enhances the country's military and intelligence capabilities through advanced radar imaging. The satellite's synthetic aperture radar allows for high-resolution Earth observation, enabling precise monitoring and reconnaissance. By operating in a sun-synchronous orbit, CSG 1 ensures consistent imaging conditions, critical for defense and security applications. The program supports Italy's strategic goals in space-based surveillance and contributes to global efforts in satellite-based reconnaissance.

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  "description": "Italian reconnaissance satellite launched in 2019 as part of the COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation program.",
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    "name": "Thales Alenia Space"
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  "operator": {
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    "name": "Italian Space Agency"
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  "launchDate": "2019-12-18",
  "launchVehicle": "Soyuz-2.1a",
  "orbit": "Sun-synchronous orbit",
  "payload": "Synthetic aperture radar (SAR)",
  "designLife": "7 years",
  "spacecraftBus": "PRIMA",
  "upperStage": "Fregat-M",
  "mass": {
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    "unitCode": "KGM"
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  "countryOfOrigin": "France",
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## References

1. [Source](https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/cosmo-skymed-csg.htm)
2. Jonathan's Space Report