# Cosmos 2569

> Russian GLONASS navigation satellite

**Wikidata**: [Q135496884](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135496884)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmos-2569

## Summary
Cosmos 2569 is a Russian GLONASS-K2 navigation satellite launched on August 7, 2023, as part of the GLONASS global navigation system. It is the first operational satellite of the GLONASS-K2 class, designed to enhance Russia's satellite navigation capabilities. Operated by Roscosmos, it provides positioning, navigation, and timing services for both civilian and military use.

## Key Facts
- **COSPAR ID**: 2023-114A  
- **SCN**: 57517  
- **Launch Date**: August 7, 2023  
- **Mass**: 1,645 kilograms  
- **Developer**: JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev  
- **Operator**: Roscosmos (via NIS GLONASS)  
- **Country of Origin**: Russia  
- **Class**: GLONASS-K2  
- **Launch Vehicle**: Soyuz-2.1b rocket  
- **Design Life**: 10 years  
- **Propulsion**: Electric propulsion system  
- **Navigation Payload**: Rubidium atomic clocks  
- **Part Of**: GLONASS navigation system  
- **Wikidata Description**: Russian GLONASS navigation satellite  

## FAQs
### Q: What is Cosmos 2569?  
A: Cosmos 2569 is a Russian GLONASS-K2 navigation satellite launched in 2023 to bolster the GLONASS system, providing global positioning services with advanced accuracy and reliability.  

### Q: Who developed and operates Cosmos 2569?  
A: The satellite was developed by JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev and is operated by Roscosmos through its subsidiary NIS GLONASS.  

### Q: What are the key technical features of Cosmos 2569?  
A: It has a mass of 1,645 kg, uses rubidium atomic clocks for precise timing, and is equipped with an electric propulsion system for extended orbital maneuvering.  

### Q: Why is Cosmos 2569 significant for Russia?  
A: As the first operational GLONASS-K2 satellite, it represents a major upgrade to Russia’s navigation infrastructure, reducing reliance on foreign systems like GPS and supporting strategic autonomy.  

## Why It Matters  
Cosmos 2569 is a critical component of Russia’s effort to modernize the GLONASS system, ensuring independent access to global navigation services. Its advanced technology, including rubidium atomic clocks and electric propulsion, extends the system’s lifespan and accuracy, directly competing with GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou. By launching this satellite, Russia reinforces its technological sovereignty and maintains operational readiness for both civilian and military applications. The satellite’s 10-year design life and improved signal capabilities ensure sustained coverage, making it a cornerstone of Russia’s navigation strategy in an increasingly competitive global landscape.  

## Notable For  
- First operational GLONASS-K2 satellite in the constellation.  
- Equipped with advanced rubidium atomic clocks for high-precision timing.  
- Utilizes electric propulsion for fuel-efficient orbital adjustments.  
- Designed for a 10-year operational lifespan, doubling the lifespan of earlier GLONASS-M satellites.  
- Part of Russia’s broader strategy to achieve full global coverage with 24 operational satellites.  
- Launched aboard a Soyuz-2.1b rocket from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.  

## Body  
### Launch and Deployment  
Cosmos 2569 was launched on August 7, 2023, aboard a Soyuz-2.1b rocket from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northwestern Russia. The satellite was deployed into a circular orbit at an altitude of approximately 19,100 km, inclined at 64.8 degrees, consistent with the GLONASS constellation’s orbital parameters.  

### Technical Specifications  
- **Mass**: 1,645 kg (including propulsion, power systems, and navigation payload).  
- **Propulsion**: Electric propulsion system for extended orbital maintenance.  
- **Navigation Payload**: High-precision rubidium atomic clocks to generate timing signals for navigation.  
- **Design Life**: 10 years, a significant improvement over the 7-year lifespan of the preceding GLONASS-M satellites.  

### Operational Role  
As part of the GLONASS system, Cosmos 2569 transmits L1, L2, and L3 frequency signals for civilian and military use. It operates alongside legacy GLONASS-M satellites but introduces enhanced signal accuracy and reliability. The satellite is managed by NIS GLONASS, a subsidiary of Roscosmos, ensuring integration with ground control infrastructure.  

### System Integration  
The GLONASS-K2 class, of which Cosmos 2569 is the first operational unit, is designed to replace older GLONASS-M satellites. It features improved onboard systems, including modernized antennas and transmitters, to support expanded services such as search and rescue (SAR) operations and precision agriculture. The satellite’s electric propulsion enables more efficient station-keeping, reducing the need for fuel resupply missions.  

### International Context  
Cosmos 2569 underscores Russia’s commitment to maintaining parity with global navigation systems like GPS (USA), Galileo (EU), and BeiDou (China). Its deployment ensures Russia’s continued access to secure, independent positioning services, critical for military logistics, aviation, maritime navigation, and civilian applications. The satellite’s advanced capabilities also position it as a competitive alternative in the global navigation market.  

### Related Entities  
- **GLONASS-K2**: The satellite class developed by JSC ISS Reshetnev, succeeding the GLONASS-K1 prototype.  
- **JSC ISS Reshetnev**: Primary developer of the satellite bus and payload, based in Krasnoyarsk, Russia.  
- **Roscosmos**: Russian state corporation overseeing the GLONASS program and satellite operations.  
- **Plesetsk Cosmodrome**: Launch site for Cosmos 2569 and other GLONASS satellites.  

### Legacy and Impact  
Cosmos 2569 marks a pivotal step in the modernization of the GLONASS constellation, which currently consists of 26 operational satellites. Its successful deployment paves the way for further GLONASS-K2 launches, aiming to achieve full global coverage with 24 satellites by 2027. By extending the system’s operational lifespan and enhancing signal integrity, Cosmos 2569 ensures Russia’s navigation infrastructure remains robust and self-sufficient amid geopolitical tensions and technological rivalry.

## References

1. CelesTrak