# Cosmos 2109
**Wikidata**: [Q12753615](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12753615)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmos-2109

## Summary
Cosmos 2109 is a Russian GLONASS navigation satellite launched on December 8, 1990, as part of the original GLONASS constellation. It was deployed using a Proton-K rocket with a Blok DM-2 upper stage from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The satellite played a role in providing global positioning capabilities for military and civilian use.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date**: December 8, 1990, at 02:43:00 UTC.
- **Launch Vehicle**: Proton-K rocket with a Blok DM-2 space tug.
- **Launch Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200.
- **COSPAR ID**: 1990-110A.
- **Satellite Catalog Number (SCN)**: 21006.
- **Mission Type**: Part of the GLONASS navigation satellite system.
- **Purpose**: To provide radio-based satellite navigation services.

## FAQs
### Q: When was Cosmos 2109 launched?
A: Cosmos 2109 was launched on December 8, 1990, at 02:43:00 UTC from the Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200.

### Q: What rocket was used to launch Cosmos 2109?
A: The satellite was launched using a Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok DM-2 upper stage.

### Q: What was the purpose of Cosmos 2109?
A: It was part of the GLONASS navigation system, designed to provide global positioning data for military and civilian applications.

## Why It Matters
Cosmos 2109 contributed to the expansion and maintenance of the GLONASS satellite navigation network, a critical system for Russia’s strategic and civilian infrastructure. As part of the original GLONASS constellation, it helped ensure continuous global coverage for navigation services, which are essential for maritime, aviation, and land-based operations. The satellite’s deployment during the Soviet era underscored the importance of space-based navigation in both military and economic contexts, reflecting broader geopolitical investments in space technology.

## Notable For
- **GLONASS Constellation**: Part of the original GLONASS satellite family, designed to operate in a medium Earth orbit.
- **Proton-K Launch**: Utilized the Soviet-era Proton-K rocket, a workhorse for heavy payloads.
- **Blok DM-2 Upper Stage**: Employed the Blok DM-2 space tug for orbital insertion, a common upper stage for GLONASS missions.
- **Baikonur Launch Site**: Launched from the historic Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200, a key facility for Soviet and Russian space activities.

## Body
### Launch Details
- **Date and Time**: December 8, 1990, at 02:43:00 UTC.
- **Rocket**: Proton-K (launch vehicle) with a Blok DM-2 upper stage (space tug).
- **Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200, a launch pad used for Proton rocket missions.

### Satellite Specifications
- **COSPAR ID**: 1990-110A (international designation).
- **Satellite Catalog Number (SCN)**: 21006.
- **Type**: GLONASS navigation satellite, part of the first-generation constellation.

### Mission Context
- **Purpose**: To bolster the GLONASS network, ensuring 24/7 global navigation coverage.
- **Historical Significance**: Launched during the final years of the Soviet Union, reflecting continued investment in strategic space assets amid political transition.
- **Technical Legacy**: The use of Proton-K and Blok DM-2 hardware highlighted the reliance on proven Soviet-era technologies for critical space missions.

## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report