# Confound-leakage: confound removal in machine learning leads to leakage

> Research article (GigaScience, 2022) · cited 17× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4387210595](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4387210595)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/confound-leakage-confound-removal-in-machine-learning-leads-to-leakage