# Caligny

> commune in Orne, France

**Wikidata**: [Q1097895](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097895)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligny)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/caligny

## Summary
Caligny is a commune located in the Orne department of Normandy, France. It is part of the canton of Flers-Nord and the arrondissement of Argentan, and has a population of approximately 855 residents. The commune is situated in the northern region of France, within the broader administrative framework of the French Republic.

## Key Facts
- **Location**: Part of the Orne department in Normandy, France.
- **Administrative Division**: Belongs to the canton of Flers-Nord and the arrondissement of Argentan.
- **Population**: Estimated at 855 residents (with historical data ranging from 815 to 860).
- **Coordinates**: Latitude 48.808055555556, Longitude -0.59583333333333.
- **Country**: France (a semi-presidential republic with a population of 68,605,616 as of 2025).
- **Department**: Orne (established on March 4, 1790).
- **Region**: Normandy (part of metropolitan France).
- **Time Zone**: Central European Time (UTC+01:00) and Central European Summer Time (UTC+02:00).
- **Electricity**: 230 volts, 50 Hz, using Europlug and Type E plugs.
- **Calling Code**: +33.
- **Internet TLD**: .fr.
- **ISO Codes**: FR (Alpha-2), FRA (Alpha-3), 250 (Numeric).
- **Government**: Semi-presidential republic with a bicameral parliament (National Assembly and Senate).
- **Head of State**: Emmanuel Macron (President of the French Republic).
- **Head of Government**: Sébastien Lecornu (Prime Minister).
- **Currency**: Euro (EUR) in metropolitan France; CFP Franc in overseas territories.
- **Motto**: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (Liberty, equality, fraternité).
- **National Anthem**: "La Marseillaise".
- **Flag**: Tricolore (blue, white, red).
- **UN Membership**: Since October 24, 1945; permanent member of the Security Council.
- **EU Membership**: Since March 25, 1957 (founding member).
- **NATO Membership**: Since April 4, 1949.
- **Nuclear Weapons**: France possesses nuclear weapons (since 1960).
- **Vehicle Registration**: F.
- **Driving Side**: Right.
- **Speed Limits**: 130 km/h on highways, 110 km/h on dual carriageways, 90 km/h on other roads, 50 km/h in built-up areas.
- **Public Holidays**: Includes New Year's Day, Easter Monday, International Workers' Day, Victory in Europe Day, Bastille Day, Assumption of Mary, All Saints' Day, Armistice Day, and Christmas.
- **Wikipedia Title**: Caligny.
- **Wikidata Description**: Commune in Orne, France.

## FAQs
**What is the population of Caligny?**
Caligny has a population of approximately 855 residents, with historical data ranging from 815 to 860. The commune is part of the Orne department in Normandy, France.

**Where is Caligny located?**
Caligny is located in the Orne department of Normandy, France. It belongs to the canton of Flers-Nord and the arrondissement of Argentan, and has coordinates at latitude 48.808055555556 and longitude -0.59583333333333.

**What is the administrative structure of Caligny?**
Caligny is part of the canton of Flers-Nord and the arrondissement of Argentan within the Orne department of Normandy, France. The Orne department was established on March 4, 1790.

**What are the key facts about France, the country where Caligny is located?**
France is a semi-presidential republic with a population of 68,605,616 as of 2025. It is a founding member of the European Union and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. France possesses nuclear weapons and is a member of NATO.

**What are the technical standards for infrastructure in France?**
France drives on the right side of the road and uses the metric system. The electrical grid operates at 230 volts and 50 Hz using Europlug and Type E plugs. Speed limits are generally 130 km/h on highways, 110 km/h on dual carriageways, 90 km/h on other roads, and 50 km/h in built-up areas.

**What are the national symbols of France?**
The national flag of France is the tricolore (blue, white, red), and the motto is "Liberté, égalité, fraternité." The national anthem is "La Marseillaise," and the country uses the Great Seal of France and the coat of arms of the French Republic.

**What international organizations is France a member of?**
France is a founding member of the European Union and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. It is also a member of NATO, the G7, the G20, the World Trade Organization, the Schengen Area, and the Council of Europe.

## Why It Matters
Caligny, as a commune in Normandy, France, plays a local role within the broader administrative and political framework of the country. France, as a semi-presidential republic, is a key player in international organizations such as the United Nations, the European Union, and NATO. Its possession of nuclear weapons and status as a founding member of the EU underscore its strategic and diplomatic significance. The commune's location within the Orne department and its administrative divisions reflect the decentralized governance structure of France, which balances centralized authority with regional autonomy. Caligny's presence contributes to the cultural, economic, and political landscape of Normandy and France as a whole, reflecting the country's historical influence and modern leadership.

## Notable For
- **Administrative Division**: Part of the canton of Flers-Nord and the arrondissement of Argentan.
- **Population**: Estimated at 855 residents, with historical data ranging from 815 to 860.
- **Coordinates**: Latitude 48.808055555556, Longitude -0.59583333333333.
- **Department**: Orne (established on March 4, 1790).
- **Region**: Normandy (part of metropolitan France).
- **Time Zone**: Central European Time (UTC+01:00) and Central European Summer Time (UTC+02:00).
- **Electricity**: 230 volts, 50 Hz, using Europlug and Type E plugs.
- **Calling Code**: +33.
- **Internet TLD**: .fr.
- **ISO Codes**: FR (Alpha-2), FRA (Alpha-3), 250 (Numeric).
- **Government**: Semi-presidential republic with a bicameral parliament.
- **Head of State**: Emmanuel Macron (President of the French Republic).
- **Head of Government**: Sébastien Lecornu (Prime Minister).
- **Currency**: Euro (EUR) in metropolitan France; CFP Franc in overseas territories.
- **Motto**: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (Liberty, equality, fraternité).
- **National Anthem**: "La Marseillaise".
- **Flag**: Tricolore (blue, white, red).
- **UN Membership**: Since October 24, 1945; permanent member of the Security Council.
- **EU Membership**: Since March 25, 1957 (founding member).
- **NATO Membership**: Since April 4, 1949.
- **Nuclear Weapons**: France possesses nuclear weapons (since 1960).
- **Vehicle Registration**: F.
- **Driving Side**: Right.
- **Speed Limits**: 130 km/h on highways, 110 km/h on dual carriageways, 90 km/h on other roads, 50 km/h in built-up areas.
- **Public Holidays**: Includes New Year's Day, Easter Monday, International Workers' Day, Victory in Europe Day, Bastille Day, Assumption of Mary, All Saints' Day, Armistice Day, and Christmas.
- **Wikipedia Title**: Caligny.
- **Wikidata Description**: Commune in Orne, France.

## Body

### Geography and Territory
Caligny is located in the Orne department of Normandy, France. The commune has coordinates at latitude 48.808055555556 and longitude -0.59583333333333. It is part of the canton of Flers-Nord and the arrondissement of Argentan. The Orne department was established on March 4, 1790, and is part of the broader region of Normandy in metropolitan France. France encompasses a total area of 643,801 square kilometres, with metropolitan France sharing borders with Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Spain, and Andorra. The highest point in France is Mont Blanc at 4,808.72 meters, while the lowest point is Étang de Lavalduc at -10 meters.

### Government and Politics
France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with a decentralized administration. The current constitution was established on October 4, 1958, founding the Fifth Republic. The executive branch consists of the President of the Republic (currently Emmanuel Macron) and the Prime Minister (currently Sébastien Lecornu). The President is elected directly and serves as the head of state, while the Prime Minister is appointed by the President and serves as the head of government, directing the executive body known as the Government of the French Republic. The legislative branch is bicameral, composed of the French Parliament, which includes the National Assembly (lower house) and the Senate (upper house). The judiciary is headed by the Court of Cassation for civil and criminal matters, the Council of State for administrative cases, and the Constitutional Council for constitutional review. The country is divided into 18 administrative regions, including 12 in metropolitan France and 6 overseas.

### Demographics and Society
As of January 1, 2025, France has an estimated population of 68,605,616. The society is highly urbanized, with an urban population of approximately 55.4 million in 2022 compared to a rural population of 12.5 million. The life expectancy at birth is 82 years (2022). The birth rate is 10.6 per 1,000 people, and the death rate is 9.8 per 1,000 people (2022). The official language is French, though regional languages such as Basque, Occitan, Catalan, Breton, and Alsatian are also recognized. The age of majority is 18, and the marriageable age is 18 for all genders. Compulsory education is required for children between the ages of 6 and 16. The retirement age is set at 62 years, with a full rate available at 67 years.

### Economy and Finance
France has a mixed economy with a nominal GDP of $2.78 trillion USD as of 2022. The government budget for 2023 was €455.2 billion. The standard VAT rate is 20%, with reduced rates of 10% and 5.5%, and a specific rate of 2.1% for medication. The median income is approximately $30,364 USD. The currency is the Euro (€), which replaced the French franc in 1999. In overseas territories like New Caledonia, French Polynesia, and Wallis and Futuna, the CFP Franc is used. The central bank is the Bank of France. Public debt stood at 117.4% of GDP as of the third quarter of 2025.

### Infrastructure and Standards
France operates on Central European Time (UTC+01:00) and observes Central European Summer Time (UTC+02:00). Overseas territories observe various time zones, ranging from UTC-10:00 (French Polynesia) to UTC+12:00 (Wallis and Futuna). The country drives on the right-hand side of the road. Speed limits are set at 130 km/h on controlled-access highways (110 km/h in bad weather), 110 km/h on dual carriageways, 90 km/h on other roads, and 50 km/h in built-up areas. The electrical grid supplies 230 volts at 50 Hz using Europlug and Type E plugs. The international calling code is +33, and the top-level internet domain is .fr. The country also utilizes specific TLDs for regions, such as .bzh for Brittany and .corsica for Corsica. The ISO codes are FR (Alpha-2), FRA (Alpha-3), and 250 (Numeric).

### Symbols and Culture
The national flag is the tricolore, featuring three vertical bands of blue, white, and red. The official motto is "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (Liberty, equality, fraternity). The national anthem is "La Marseillaise." The coat of arms of the French Republic is used de facto, and the Great Seal of France is used for official state documents. Public holidays include New Year's Day (January 1), Easter Monday, International Workers' Day (May 1), Victory in Europe Day (May 8), Ascension Day, Whit Monday, Bastille Day (July 14), Assumption of Mary (August 15), All Saints' Day (November 1), Armistice Day (November 11), and Christmas (December 25).

### International Relations and History
France is a key player in international organizations. It is a founding member of the European Union (1957) and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (1945). It is also a member of NATO (1949), the G7, the G20, the World Trade Organization, the Schengen Area, and the Council of Europe. France possesses nuclear weapons, a status attained in 1960. Historically, the origins of the French state trace back to the Treaty of Verdun in 843, which established West Francia. The First French Empire was proclaimed in 1804. France replaced the Kingdom of France and has undergone several regime changes, including the Vichy France regime during World War II, before establishing the Fifth Republic. The country maintains diplomatic relations with nations worldwide, including the United States, China, Russia, the United Kingdom, and Germany. It shares land borders with eight European countries and Brazil and Suriname via French Guiana, as well as a maritime border with the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

## References

1. BnF authorities
2. dataset of postal codes in France. 2018
3. INSEE code
4. répertoire géographique des communes
5. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
6. Annuaire de service-public.fr
7. Recensement de la population 2015. National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 2017
8. Populations légales 2016
9. Populations légales 2017
10. Populations légales 2018
11. Populations légales 2019
12. Populations légales 2020
13. Populations légales 2021
14. Populations de référence 2022
15. Populations de référence 2023
16. [Code officiel géographique](https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/3363419)
17. National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies
18. GeoNames
19. [répertoire géographique des communes. 2015](https://wxs-telechargement.ign.fr/83edtfdyqte031y0ra49d2e3/telechargement/inspire/RGC-2015-01$RGC2015/file/RGC2015.7z)
20. [2016](https://data.geopf.fr/telechargement/download/GEOFLA/GEOFLA_2-2_COMMUNE_SHP_LAMB93_FXX_2016-06-28/GEOFLA_2-2_COMMUNE_SHP_LAMB93_FXX_2016-06-28.7z)
21. [Code officiel géographique. 2020](https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/8442dfae-a878-49c6-be4c-20689b1c337c)
22. [Code officiel géographique. 2017](https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/2560698)