# Cajamarca

> capital city of Cajamarca, Peru

**Wikidata**: [Q205119](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205119)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cajamarca)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/cajamarca

## Summary
Cajamarca is a major city located in northern Peru, serving as the capital of both the Cajamarca Department and the Cajamarca Province. Situated at an elevation of 2,750 meters above sea level, it covers an area of approximately 392.47 square kilometers. As of the 2017 census, the city has a recorded population of 201,329 inhabitants.

## Key Facts
- **Classification**: Cajamarca is classified as a "city" and a "big city" (large human settlement).
- **Location**: The city is situated in the Cajamarca Department, Peru, at coordinates -7.1575 latitude and -78.5175 longitude.
- **Elevation**: It rests at an elevation of 2,750 meters (9,022 feet) above sea level.
- **Area**: The city spans a total area of 392.47 square kilometres.
- **Population**: The population was recorded as 201,329 in the 2017 census (preferred value), 283,767 in 2012, and 161,215 in the 2007 census.
- **Capital Status**: It is the capital of the Cajamarca Department, the Cajamarca Province, and the Cajamarca District.
- **UN/LOCODE**: The United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations for the city is PECJA.
- **Twin Towns**: Cajamarca is twinned with Treptow-Köpenick (Germany), Huaraz (Peru), and Spoleto (Italy).

## FAQs
**What is the geographical location and elevation of Cajamarca?**
Cajamarca is located in Peru within the Cajamarca Department at coordinates -7.1575, -78.5175. It sits at a high altitude of 2,750 metres above sea level.

**What are the population statistics for Cajamarca?**
According to the 2017 census, the population of Cajamarca is 201,329. Historical data shows a population of 161,215 in 2007 and 283,767 in 2012.

**What administrative roles does the city serve?**
The city functions as the administrative capital for three distinct entities: the Cajamarca Department, the Cajamarca Province, and the local Cajamarca entity.

**What other names or aliases are associated with Cajamarca?**
The city is known by several names and historical variants, including Caxamarca, Kashamarka, San Antonio de Cajamarca, Cultura de Cajamarca, and Ciudad de Cajamarca.

## Why It Matters
Cajamarca serves as a pivotal administrative and urban center within the Cajamarca region of Peru. As a "big city" and a departmental capital, it acts as a hub for governance and regional organization. Its inclusion in major encyclopedic records, such as the 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica and the Great Russian Encyclopedia, underscores its historical and geographical significance. Furthermore, the city maintains international cultural ties through its sister-city relationships with districts in Germany and Italy, as well as domestic ties with Huaraz.

## Notable For
- **High Altitude Urban Center**: Operating as a significant urban hub at 2,750 meters elevation.
- **Extensive Global Cataloging**: The city is indexed in a vast array of international databases, including VIAF, GND, GeoNames, and the Library of Congress.
- **Multilingual Wikipedia Presence**: It is documented in over 50 language editions of Wikipedia, indicating high global interest.
- **Historical Documentation**: It is distinguished by an entry in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.
- **Distinctive Heraldry**: The city possesses its own flag and coat of arms.

## Body

### Geography and Demographics
Cajamarca is geographically positioned in northern Peru at latitude -7.1575 and longitude -78.5175. It occupies a land area of 392.47 square kilometres. The city's terrain is mountainous, sitting at an elevation of 2,750 metres above sea level.

Demographic records indicate fluctuation in population over the early 21st century. The 2007 census recorded a population of 161,215. This number reportedly rose to 283,767 in 2012, though the 2017 census established a preferred figure of 201,329. The city is categorized as a "big city" and a "large human settlement." Its territory overlaps with the district of Los Baños del Inca.

### Administration and Governance
As the regional capital, Cajamarca is the seat of government for the Cajamarca Department and the Cajamarca Province. It is also the capital of the specific "Cajamarca" administrative entity listed in the source data. The city maintains municipal relations through the "twinned administrative body" program with:
- **Treptow-Köpenick** (Germany)
- **Huaraz** (Peru)
- **Spoleto** (Italy)

### Nomenclature and Identity
The entity is formally differentiated from other entries simply labeled "Cajamarca." It holds a variety of aliases and historical names, including:
- Caxamarca
- Kashamarka
- San Antonio de Cajamarca
- Ciudad de Cajamarca
- Caxas
- Cultura de Cajamarca

The city is visually represented by a specific flag and a coat of arms. A page banner is also designated for the entity.

### International Identifiers and Databases
Cajamarca is extensively cataloged in international knowledge bases and authority files.
- **Library and Archival IDs**: Library of Congress Authority ID (n80125064), GND ID (4088943-9), VIAF ID (126671332), and the National Library of Israel J9U ID (987007559782205171).
- **Geographical Codes**: UN/LOCODE (PECJA), GeoNames ID (3699088), and OpenStreetMap Node ID (272378756).
- **Encyclopedic References**: It is listed in the Encyclopædia Britannica Online (place/Cajamarca-Peru), the 11th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica, the Great Russian Encyclopedia Online (2053944), and Grove Art Online (T013080).
- **Digital Knowledge Graphs**: The city possesses a Freebase ID (/m/02pgm5), a Who's on First ID (421176505), and a Wikidata description.

### Academic and Cultural Classifications
The city is categorized under the "Cajamarca" topic on Wikimedia Commons and has a dedicated category for views of the item. It is associated with specific categorizations for people, including "People from Cajamarca" and distinct categories for those born or who died in the city. It is also indexed in specialized architectural and museum databases, such as the archinform location ID (6503) and museum digital place ID (35998). The iNaturalist platform lists it with a place ID of 8223.

## References

1. [Source](https://github.com/JohnMarkOckerbloom/ftl/blob/master/data/wikimap)
2. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
3. [2017 Peru Census](https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1539/libro.pdf)
4. [2007 Peru Census](https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1539/libro.pdf)
5. GeoNames
6. [Source](https://service.unece.org/trade/locode/pe.htm)
7. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aiort.php)
8. National Library of Israel Names and Subjects Authority File