# Caesarion

> last pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 44 to 30 BC

**Wikidata**: [Q39589](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39589)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarion)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/caesarion

## Summary
Caesarion, also known as Ptolemy XV, was the last pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt, ruling from 44 to 30 BC. He was the son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar, and his reign marked the end of the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom, which had governed Egypt since 305 BC.

## Biography
- **Born**: June 23, 47 BC
- **Nationality**: Egyptian (Ptolemaic Kingdom)
- **Known for**: Being the final pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty and the son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar
- **Field(s)**: Sovereignty, leadership

## Contributions
Caesarion's reign as pharaoh was brief but historically significant. As the last ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, his death in 30 BC marked the end of Hellenistic rule in Egypt and the beginning of Roman dominance under Augustus. His lineage as the son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar also tied him to two of the most powerful figures of the ancient world, influencing the political landscape of the time.

## FAQs
**Who were Caesarion's parents?**
Caesarion was the son of Cleopatra VII, the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, and Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator.

**How long did Caesarion rule as pharaoh?**
Caesarion ruled as pharaoh from 44 to 30 BC, a period of 14 years.

**What happened to Caesarion after his reign?**
Caesarion was executed in 30 BC following the defeat of Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony by Octavian (later Augustus), which led to the fall of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and the incorporation of Egypt into the Roman Empire.

## Why They Matter
Caesarion's significance lies in his role as the last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, symbolizing the transition from Hellenistic to Roman rule in Egypt. His lineage connected him to two of history's most influential figures, Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar, making him a pivotal figure in the political and cultural shifts of the ancient world. His death marked the end of an era and the beginning of Roman Egypt, reshaping the region's history.

## Notable For
- Being the last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom
- Son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar
- Reigning during the transition from Hellenistic to Roman rule in Egypt
- His death in 30 BC, which marked the end of the Ptolemaic dynasty

## Body
### Early Life and Lineage
Caesarion was born on June 23, 47 BC, as the son of Cleopatra VII, the ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, and Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator. His birth was significant due to his parents' prominent roles in the ancient world, linking him to both Egyptian and Roman power structures.

### Reign as Pharaoh
Caesarion became the pharaoh of Egypt in 44 BC, following the death of his father, Julius Caesar. His reign lasted until 30 BC, during which he was known by various titles, including Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar and Ptolemy Caesar. His rule was marked by the political turmoil surrounding the fall of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and the rise of Roman influence in Egypt.

### Death and Legacy
Caesarion's reign ended with his execution in 30 BC, following the defeat of Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony by Octavian. His death marked the end of the Ptolemaic dynasty and the beginning of Roman rule in Egypt. Caesarion's legacy is tied to the transition from Hellenistic to Roman governance, making him a key figure in the history of ancient Egypt.

## References

1. Source
2. Caesarion
3. International Standard Name Identifier
4. Library of Congress Name Authority File
5. [Source](https://web.archive.org/web/20020508100505/http://www.tyndale.cam.ac.uk/Egypt/ptolemies/ptolemies.htm)
6. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
7. CERL Thesaurus
8. Virtual International Authority File
9. Treccani's Enciclopedia on line