# BP

> British multinational oil and gas company

**Wikidata**: [Q152057](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152057)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BP)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/bp

## Summary
BP is a British multinational oil and gas company founded in 1908–1909 through the merger of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and Burmah Oil. Headquartered in London, it operates as a public company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and London Stock Exchange (LSE) and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. BP is one of the world’s largest energy corporations, involved in oil production, refining, and renewable energy initiatives.

## Key Facts
- **Founded**: 1908 (as Anglo-Persian Oil Company) and formally established in 1909; predecessor entities include Burmah Oil (founded 1886).
- **Headquarters**: London, United Kingdom.
- **Stock Exchanges**: Listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), London Stock Exchange (LSE), and Frankfurt Stock Exchange.
- **Key Subsidiaries**: ARCO, Amoco, Castrol, and Bahía de Bizkaia Power Station.
- **Revenue (Recent Figures)**: $222.894 billion (2023), $278.397 billion (2022), $298.756 billion (2021).
- **Employees**: 70,100 (as of latest reports).
- **Net Profit**: $4.026 billion (2023), $9.383 billion (2022), $3.389 billion (2021).
- **Notable Incidents**: Texas City Refinery explosion (2005), Torrey Canyon oil spill (1967).
- **Awards**: Recipient of the satirical Ig Nobel Prize.
- **Leadership**: CEOs include Bernard Looney (current), Bob Dudley, and Carl-Henric Svanberg (former chairman).

## FAQs
- **Where is BP headquartered?**  
  BP is headquartered in London, United Kingdom, with operations globally, including major oil fields in Alaska (Prudhoe Bay) and the Gulf of Mexico (Thunder Horse).

- **When was BP founded?**  
  BP traces its origins to the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, founded in 1908–1909. It evolved through mergers, including with Burmah Oil, which was established in 1886.

- **What stock exchanges is BP listed on?**  
  BP is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), London Stock Exchange (LSE), and Frankfurt Stock Exchange.

- **What are BP’s notable subsidiaries?**  
  Key subsidiaries include ARCO (acquired in 1966), Amoco (founded 1889), and Castrol (established 1899). It also operates the Bahía de Bizkaia Power Station in Spain.

- **Who are BP’s key executives?**  
  Current and past leaders include Bernard Looney (CEO), Bob Dudley (former CEO), and Carl-Henric Svanberg (former chairman). Notable affiliated figures include Ellen D. Williams (scientist) and John Baring, 7th Baron Ashburton.

- **What major incidents is BP associated with?**  
  BP is linked to the 2005 Texas City Refinery explosion and the 1967 Torrey Canyon oil spill. It also operates the Tiber Oil Field and Sangachal Terminal.

## Why It Matters
BP is a pivotal player in the global energy sector, influencing oil production, refining, and energy policy. As part of the “Seven Sisters” consortium that historically dominated the petroleum industry, BP has shaped geopolitical dynamics, particularly through projects like the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline. Its operations span conventional oil extraction (e.g., Prudhoe Bay) and renewable energy investments, reflecting its role in both fossil fuel dependence and the transition to cleaner energy. Controversies, including environmental disasters and safety violations, underscore its broader societal impact.

## Notable For
- **Historical Dominance**: Part of the “Seven Sisters” and “Big Oil” groups that controlled global oil markets.
- **Major Discoveries**: Operates significant oil fields, including Prudhoe Bay (Alaska) and Thunder Horse (Gulf of Mexico).
- **Brand Portfolio**: Owns Castrol, a leading lubricants brand, and formerly operated Amoco and ARCO.
- **Infrastructure**: Key projects include the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline and Sangachal Terminal in Azerbaijan.
- **Awards and Criticism**: Received the Ig Nobel Prize (satirical award) and faced scrutiny for incidents like the Texas City explosion.

## Body

### History
BP originated from the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, founded in 1908–1909, which later merged with Burmah Oil (established 1886). Key figures in its early history include William Knox D’Arcy, a founder of British Oil. The company evolved through acquisitions, including Amoco (1889) and ARCO (1966), and rebranded as BP plc in 2000.

### Corporate Structure
- **Public Listing**: Traded on the NYSE, LSE, and Frankfurt Stock Exchange.
- **Indices**: Part of the FTSE 100 Index since its inception in 1984.
- **Subsidiaries**: Operates through subsidiaries like Castrol (founded 1899), Bahía de Bizkaia Power Station, and Aral AG (German petroleum company).

### Operations and Projects
- **Oil Fields**: Manages Prudhoe Bay (Alaska), Thunder Horse (Gulf of Mexico), and Gunashli (Caspian Sea).
- **Infrastructure**: Developed the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline (launched 2006) and Sangachal Terminal (Azerbaijan).
- **Refineries**: Notable for the 2005 Texas City Refinery explosion, which resulted in significant safety reforms.

### Financial Performance
- **Revenue**: $222.894 billion (2023), $278.397 billion (2022), $298.756 billion (2021).
- **Net Profit**: Fluctuated from $4.026 billion (2023) to $27.653 billion (2022), with losses in earlier years (e.g., -$6.482 billion in 2015).
- **Assets**: Total assets ranged from $261.832 billion (2019) to $288.12 billion (2023).

### Leadership and Affiliations
- **CEOs**: Bernard Looney (current), Bob Dudley (2010–2020), and Carl-Henric Svanberg (former chairman).
- **Affiliated Figures**: James Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape (early 20th-century director); Ellen D. Williams (scientist); Helge Lund (Norwegian businessman).
- **Partnerships**: Collaborated with the Azerbaijan International Operating Company (founded 1994) and Ford World Rally Team (1978–2012).

### Awards and Recognition
- **Ig Nobel Prize**: Received the satirical award, highlighting controversies in its operations.
- **Paralympic Courage Award**: Associated with the award through corporate sponsorships.

### Environmental and Social Impact
- **Incidents**: The 1967 Torrey Canyon oil spill and 2005 Texas City Refinery explosion led to regulatory scrutiny and safety overhauls.
- **Renewable Initiatives**: Invests in renewable energy projects, though fossil fuels remain its core business.

### Global Presence
- **Markets**: Operates in the UK, US, Germany, Azerbaijan, and South Africa, with localized websites (e.g., bp.com.tr, bp.nl).
- **Employment**: Employs 70,100 people globally, with operations spanning oil production, refining, and petrochemicals.

## References

1. GRID
2. [Source](https://www.lobbyfacts.eu/datacard/bp-plc?rid=3394026642-58)
3. [Source](https://companiesmarketcap.com/oil-gas/largest-oil-and-gas-companies-by-market-cap/)
4. [Source](http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/bp-at-a-glance/key-business-addresses.html)
5. [BP installs new boss after split over ditching green tran.... The Observer](https://observer.co.uk/news/business/article/bp-installs-new-boss-after-split-over-ditching-green-transition)
6. GRID Release 2017-01-10
7. [Source](https://www.bp.com/de_de/germany/ueber-bp/auf-einen-blick/adressen-und-standorte/bp-europa-se-zentrale-postanschrift.html)
8. [annual report](https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/investors/bp-annual-report-and-form-20f-2019.pdf)
9. Polygon.io
10. [Source](http://www.charta-der-vielfalt.de/verein/vereinsmitglieder.html)
11. [Source](https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/00102498/officers?page=3)
12. [Source](https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/who-we-are/board-and-executive-management/the-board.html)
13. [Source](http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/about-bp/our-history.html)
14. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
15. Czech National Authority Database
16. [Global LEI Index](https://search.gleif.org/#/record/213800LH1BZH3DI6G760)
17. MusicBrainz
18. [annual report](https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/investors/bp-annual-report-and-form-20f-2020.pdf)
19. [annual report](https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/investors/bp-annual-report-and-form-20f-2021.pdf)
20. [annual report](https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/investors/bp-fourth-quarter-2022-results.pdf)
21. [Source](http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/investors/bp-annual-report-and-form-20f-2015.pdf)
22. [Source](https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/investors/bp-fourth-quarter-2024-results.pdf)
23. [Source](https://www.forbes.com/global2000/list/3/#header:assets_sortreverse:true)
24. GRID Release 2015-12-14
25. GRID Release 2016-12-06
26. [BP America Inc - Add Relationship - LittleSis](https://littlesis.org/org/34803-BP_America_Inc)
27. Aligned ISNI and Ringgold identifiers for institutions
28. [Source](https://www.bbc.com/things/)
29. [Source](https://ror.org/01zctcs90)
30. [Source](https://golden.com/wiki/Air_Bp_Canada_Ltd-ZXBRAKY)
31. [Working at BP | Glassdoor](https://www.glassdoor.sg/Overview/Working-at-BP-EI_IE9011.11,13.htm?countryRedirect=true)
32. Name Suggestion Index
33. YouTube API
34. Wikirate