# Bion-M No.1

> Russian satellite with biological cargo

**Wikidata**: [Q11596563](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11596563)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bion-M_No.1)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/bion-m-no-1

## Summary
Bion-M No.1 is a Russian biosatellite designed to carry biological experiments in space. Launched in 2013, it was operated by the Russian Academy of Sciences to study the effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation on living organisms.

## Key Facts
- **Launch Date**: April 19, 2013  
- **Operator**: Russian Academy of Sciences  
- **Launch Vehicle**: Soyuz-2.1a rocket  
- **Launch Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31  
- **Orbital Parameters**: Apoapsis 588.9 km, periapsis 564.3 km, inclination 64.9°, orbital period 96.1 minutes  
- **COSPAR ID**: 2013-015A  
- **Class**: Biosatellite (designed to carry life in space)  
- **Image**: Available on Wikimedia Commons  

## FAQs
### Q: What was the purpose of Bion-M No.1?  
A: It carried biological cargo to study the effects of spaceflight on living organisms, including microgravity and radiation exposure.  

### Q: Where was Bion-M No.1 launched from?  
A: It was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31 in Kazakhstan using a Soyuz-2.1a rocket.  

### Q: Who operated Bion-M No.1?  
A: The Russian Academy of Sciences was responsible for its operation and mission oversight.  

## Why It Matters  
Bion-M No.1 played a critical role in advancing space biology research, providing data on how prolonged spaceflight affects living organisms. Its findings contribute to understanding the challenges of long-duration human space missions, such as those to Mars. By studying biological responses in microgravity, scientists can develop countermeasures to protect astronauts' health. The mission also reinforced Russia's legacy in biosatellite research, building on earlier programs like Bion and Vostok.  

## Notable For  
- **Biological Research**: Focused on studying the impact of space conditions on living organisms.  
- **Orbital Precision**: Maintained a stable orbit with precise parameters for scientific experiments.  
- **Russian Collaboration**: Operated by the Russian Academy of Sciences, highlighting Russia's expertise in space biology.  

## Body  
### Mission Overview  
- Launched on April 19, 2013, as part of Russia's biosatellite program.  
- Carried a variety of biological specimens, including microorganisms, plants, and small animals.  

### Technical Specifications  
- **Orbit**: Circular low Earth orbit with an apoapsis of 588.9 km and periapsis of 564.3 km.  
- **Inclination**: 64.9°, enabling coverage of diverse latitudes for research.  
- **Orbital Period**: 96.1 minutes, ensuring frequent data collection opportunities.  

### Launch Details  
- **Rocket**: Soyuz-2.1a, a modernized version of the Soyuz-2 family.  
- **Site**: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31, a historic launch complex.  

### Scientific Legacy  
- Provided insights into muscle atrophy, bone density loss, and radiation effects in space.  
- Paved the way for future biosatellite missions aimed at supporting human space exploration.

## References

1. Jonathan's Space Report
2. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013