# Bi-level programming model and KKT penalty function solution approach for reliable hub location problem

> Research article (Expert Systems with Applications, 2021) · cited 37× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3182022020](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3182022020)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/bi-level-programming-model-and-kkt-penalty-function-solution-approach-for-reliable-hub-location-problem