# Bi-level Energy Management of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Fuel Economy and Battery Lifetime with Intelligent State-of-charge Reference

> Research article (Journal of Power Sources, 2020) · cited 68× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3086611330](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3086611330)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/bi-level-energy-management-of-plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicles-for-fuel-economy-and-battery-lifetime-with-intelligent-st