# Bertil Ohlin

> Swedish economist and politician (1899-1979)

**Wikidata**: [Q179493](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179493)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertil_Ohlin)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/bertil-ohlin

## Summary
Bertil Ohlin was a Swedish economist and politician (1899–1979) who made significant contributions to economic theory, particularly in international trade and economic development. He is best known for the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem, which explains how countries specialize in goods based on factor endowments. Ohlin also served as a university professor and held political roles, shaping economic policy in Sweden.

## Biography
- Born: April 23, 1899
- Nationality: Sweden
- Education: Studied at Lund University, Harvard University, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm University, and the University of Copenhagen
- Known for: Developing the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem in international trade theory
- Employer(s): Lund University, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm University
- Field(s): Economics, political economy

## Contributions
- **Heckscher–Ohlin Theorem (1933)**: Co-developed this foundational economic theory with Eli Heckscher, explaining how countries specialize in goods based on factor endowments (e.g., resource abundance). This work remains a cornerstone of international trade theory.
- **Economic Policy Advice**: Served as an advisor to Swedish governments, contributing to economic development strategies.
- **Academic Leadership**: Taught at prestigious institutions including Lund University, Harvard University, and Stockholm School of Economics, shaping generations of economists.
- **Political Career**: Held roles in Swedish government, including membership in the Hansson III Cabinet (1939–1945), where he contributed to economic policy during wartime.

## FAQs
**What is Bertil Ohlin known for?**
Ohlin is best known for co-developing the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem, a major contribution to international trade theory. He also served as a university professor and advisor to Swedish governments.

**Where did Bertil Ohlin study?**
Ohlin studied at Lund University, Harvard University, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm University, and the University of Copenhagen.

**What was Bertil Ohlin's role in Swedish politics?**
Ohlin served in the Hansson III Cabinet (1939–1945) and advised Swedish governments on economic policy.

**Which academic institutions did Bertil Ohlin teach at?**
Ohlin taught at Lund University, Harvard University, Stockholm School of Economics, and Stockholm University.

**What is the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem?**
The Heckscher–Ohlin theorem explains how countries specialize in goods based on the abundance of factors of production, such as labor or capital.

## Why They Matter
Bertil Ohlin's work on international trade theory, particularly the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem, remains foundational in economics. His contributions shaped how nations understand specialization and trade patterns, influencing global economic policy. As a professor and advisor, he mentored countless economists and directly impacted Swedish economic development. His legacy endures in academic circles and government economic strategies worldwide.

## Notable For
- Co-developer of the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem, a cornerstone of international trade theory
- Professor at Lund University, Harvard University, and Stockholm School of Economics
- Advisor to Swedish governments, including the Hansson III Cabinet (1939–1945)
- Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1977)
- Doctor honoris causa from the University of Grenoble and the University of Paris

## Body

### Early Life and Education
Bertil Gotthard Ohlin was born on April 23, 1899. He pursued higher education at Lund University, Harvard University, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm University, and the University of Copenhagen. His academic training laid the foundation for his contributions to economic theory.

### Academic Career
Ohlin held teaching positions at Lund University, Harvard University, Stockholm School of Economics, and Stockholm University. His tenure at these institutions allowed him to influence generations of economists and shape economic thought.

### Economic Theory
Ohlin co-developed the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem with Eli Heckscher in 1933. This theorem explains how countries specialize in goods based on the abundance of factors of production, such as labor or capital. The theorem remains a key concept in international trade theory.

### Political Career
Ohlin served in the Hansson III Cabinet (1939–1945) and advised Swedish governments on economic policy. His political roles allowed him to apply his economic expertise to real-world policy challenges.

### Awards and Recognition
Ohlin received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1977. He also earned doctor honoris causa degrees from the University of Grenoble and the University of Paris, recognizing his contributions to economics.

### Legacy
Bertil Ohlin's work on international trade theory and his advisory roles in Swedish government have left a lasting impact. His legacy continues to influence economic policy and academic research worldwide.

## References

1. Bertil G Ohlin. Dictionary of Swedish National Biography
2. [Gråmanstorps (Klippans) kyrkoarkiv, Födelse- och dopböcker, SE/LLA/13117/C I/6 (1892-1901), bildid: F0010254_00076. Swedish church birth records](https://sok.riksarkivet.se/bildvisning/F0010254_00076#?c=&m=&s=&cv=75&xywh=562%2C2093%2C2126%2C1447)
3. Two-Chamber Parliament 1867–1970.
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5. BnF authorities
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9. [Ohlin, BERTIL GOTTHARD. Svenskagravar.se](https://www.svenskagravar.se/gravsatt/8cbffdb7-383a-4161-83bc-5d4dd2f3e2eb)
10. [Source](http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economic-sciences/laureates/1977/)
11. [Source](https://www.econometricsociety.org/society/organization-and-governance/fellows/memoriam)
12. Informations diverses. Le Monde. 1949
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23. [Source](http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/426048/Bertil-Ohlin)
24. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
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26. CONOR.SI
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29. Enciclopedia Treccani
30. LIBRIS. 2018
31. Catalogo of the National Library of India