# Background Characteristics and Oral Proficiency Development Over Time in Lower‐Division College Foreign Language Programs

> Research article (Language Learning, 2020) · cited 14× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3018192406](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3018192406)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/background-characteristics-and-oral-proficiency-development-over-time-in-lowerdivision-college-foreign-language-programs