# Automatic Fault Classification in Photovoltaic Modules Using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model, Generative Adversarial Networks, and Convolutional Neural Networks

> Research article (Energies, 2025) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4407253037](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4407253037)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/automatic-fault-classification-in-photovoltaic-modules-using-denoising-diffusion-probabilistic-model-generative-adversar