# Assisi

> Italian commune in Umbria

**Wikidata**: [Q20103](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20103)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assisi)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/assisi

## Summary
Assisi is a historic Italian commune located in the Umbria region, renowned as the birthplace of Saint Francis of Assisi and a significant center of Franciscan spirituality. It is home to major religious sites like the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi and the Basilica of Santa Chiara, making it a key pilgrimage destination and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## Key Facts
- **Location**: Assisi is situated in the province of Perugia, within the Umbria region of Italy.
- **Historical Significance**: Founded in ancient Roman times, Assisi is closely associated with Saint Francis of Assisi (1181–1226), the founder of the Franciscan Order.
- **Religious Sites**:
  - **Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi**: Built in 1228, it houses the tomb of Saint Francis and is a major pilgrimage site.
  - **Basilica of Santa Chiara**: Constructed in 1257, it contains the remains of Saint Clare of Assisi.
  - **Sacro Convento**: A Franciscan friary attached to the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi.
  - **Portiuncula**: A small church within the Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli.
  - **San Damiano**: A church dating back to 1101, where Saint Francis reportedly heard the voice of Christ.
- **Population**: Approximately 28,000 residents (varies slightly by year).
- **Coordinates**: 43.0708° N, 12.6150° E.
- **Administrative Divisions**: Includes frazioni (subdivisions) such as Santa Maria degli Angeli, Rivotorto, and Tordibetto.
- **Cultural Heritage**: Assisi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its medieval art, architecture, and religious significance.
- **Transport**: Served by Assisi railway station.
- **Language**: Italian is the official language, with regional dialects and historical ties to Latin.
- **Tourism**: A major destination for religious tourism, attracting millions of visitors annually.

## FAQs
**What is Assisi known for?**
Assisi is globally recognized as the birthplace of Saint Francis of Assisi and the founding site of the Franciscan Order. It is famous for its medieval religious architecture, including the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

**What are the main religious sites in Assisi?**
The most significant religious sites include the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi (1228), the Basilica of Santa Chiara (1257), the Sacro Convento, the Portiuncula, and the church of San Damiano (1101).

**When was Assisi founded?**
Assisi dates back to ancient Roman times, with significant development during the medieval period. It gained prominence in the 13th century due to Saint Francis of Assisi.

**What is the population of Assisi?**
The population of Assisi is approximately 28,000, with slight variations reported in different years (e.g., 28,290, 28,143, 28,352).

**What is the significance of the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi?**
The Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi is a major pilgrimage site and a masterpiece of medieval art and architecture. It houses the tomb of Saint Francis and is adorned with frescoes by artists like Giotto di Bondone.

**What is the role of Assisi in the Franciscan Order?**
Assisi is the spiritual heart of the Franciscan Order, founded by Saint Francis in 1209. The Order of Friars Minor is headquartered here, and the city hosts key Franciscan sites like the Sacro Convento and the Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli.

**What are the frazioni of Assisi?**
Assisi includes several frazioni (subdivisions), such as Santa Maria degli Angeli, Rivotorto, Tordibetto, Petrignano, and Armenzano.

**What is the economic importance of Assisi?**
Assisi's economy is heavily reliant on religious tourism, with millions of visitors annually. It also benefits from its status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracting cultural and historical tourism.

**What is the climate of Assisi?**
Assisi has a Mediterranean climate with mild winters and warm summers, typical of central Italy.

**What is the cultural significance of Assisi?**
Assisi is a center of medieval art, architecture, and religious history. It has influenced Christian spirituality, art, and literature, and remains a symbol of peace and humility.

## Why It Matters
Assisi is a cornerstone of Christian spirituality and medieval history, serving as the birthplace of Saint Francis of Assisi and the Franciscan Order. Its religious sites, such as the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, are masterpieces of art and architecture, attracting pilgrims and tourists from around the world. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Assisi preserves a unique blend of cultural, historical, and religious heritage, making it a vital center for both faith and history. Its influence extends beyond Italy, shaping global Christian traditions and inspiring movements of peace, humility, and service.

## Notable For
- **Birthplace of Saint Francis of Assisi**: The founder of the Franciscan Order, one of the most influential figures in Christian history.
- **UNESCO World Heritage Site**: Recognized for its outstanding medieval art, architecture, and religious significance.
- **Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi**: A masterpiece of medieval architecture and a major pilgrimage destination.
- **Franciscan Spirituality**: The headquarters of the Order of Friars Minor and a center for Franciscan traditions.
- **Medieval Art and Frescoes**: Home to renowned works by Giotto di Bondone and other medieval artists.
- **Religious Tourism**: One of the most visited religious sites in Italy, attracting millions of pilgrims annually.
- **Historical Continuity**: A city with roots in ancient Roman times, evolving into a medieval and modern religious center.
- **Cultural Influence**: A symbol of peace, humility, and service, inspiring global movements and traditions.

## Body

### Geography and Location
Assisi is located in the province of Perugia, within the Umbria region of central Italy. It is situated at coordinates 43.0708° N, 12.6150° E, nestled on the slopes of Mount Subasio. The city is characterized by its medieval architecture, narrow streets, and panoramic views of the Umbrian countryside. Assisi is part of the administrative region of Umbria and is surrounded by smaller settlements known as frazioni, including Santa Maria degli Angeli, Rivotorto, and Tordibetto.

### Historical Background
Assisi has a rich history dating back to ancient Roman times, when it was known as *Asisium*. The city gained prominence in the medieval period, particularly in the 13th century, due to its association with Saint Francis of Assisi (1181–1226). Saint Francis, born in Assisi, founded the Franciscan Order in 1209, emphasizing poverty, humility, and service to the poor. The city became a center of Franciscan spirituality and a major pilgrimage destination. Assisi was also the birthplace of Saint Clare of Assisi, who founded the Order of Poor Clares.

### Religious and Architectural Landmarks
Assisi is home to several significant religious and architectural landmarks:

- **Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi**: Constructed in 1228, this basilica is a masterpiece of medieval architecture and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It consists of two levels: the Upper Basilica, adorned with frescoes by Giotto di Bondone depicting the life of Saint Francis, and the Lower Basilica, which houses the saint's tomb. The adjacent **Sacro Convento** is a Franciscan friary that serves as the headquarters of the Order of Friars Minor.

- **Basilica of Santa Chiara**: Built in 1257, this church contains the remains of Saint Clare of Assisi, the founder of the Order of Poor Clares. It is an important site for followers of the Franciscan tradition.

- **Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli**: Constructed in 1569, this basilica encompasses the **Portiuncula**, a small church where Saint Francis founded the Franciscan Order. The basilica is a major pilgrimage site and a symbol of Franciscan humility.

- **San Damiano**: A church dating back to 1101, San Damiano is where Saint Francis reportedly heard the voice of Christ instructing him to "repair my church." It remains a significant site for Franciscan spirituality.

- **Assisi Cathedral (San Rufino)**: Built in 1140, this cathedral is dedicated to Saint Rufinus of Assisi and is an example of Romanesque architecture.

- **Temple of Minerva**: A Roman temple transformed into a church, showcasing the city's ancient heritage.

### Cultural and Artistic Significance
Assisi is renowned for its medieval art and architecture, particularly the frescoes in the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi. These frescoes, created by artists like Giotto di Bondone, depict scenes from the life of Saint Francis and are considered masterpieces of Italian art. The city's cultural heritage is further enriched by its association with the Franciscan Order, which has influenced Christian spirituality, literature, and art for centuries.

### Tourism and Economy
Assisi's economy is heavily reliant on religious and cultural tourism. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major pilgrimage destination, the city attracts millions of visitors annually. Tourists come to visit its religious sites, explore its medieval streets, and experience its spiritual atmosphere. The city's tourism industry supports local businesses, including hotels, restaurants, and souvenir shops.

### Administrative Divisions
Assisi is divided into several frazioni (subdivisions), each with its own historical and cultural significance:

- **Santa Maria degli Angeli**: A frazione that includes the Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli and the Portiuncula.
- **Rivotorto**: Known for the Sanctuary of Rivotorto, a site associated with Saint Francis.
- **Tordibetto**: A small settlement with historical ties to Assisi.
- **Petrignano**: A hamlet located near Assisi.
- **Armenzano**: A human settlement with historical significance.

### Transport and Infrastructure
Assisi is served by the **Assisi railway station**, which connects the city to other parts of Italy. The city is also accessible by road, with well-maintained highways linking it to Perugia and other major cities. Public transportation within Assisi includes buses and taxis, making it easy for visitors to explore the city's landmarks.

### Language and Culture
The official language of Assisi is Italian, with regional dialects and historical influences from Latin. The city's culture is deeply rooted in its religious heritage, with numerous festivals, processions, and events celebrating its Franciscan traditions. Assisi is also known for its culinary traditions, including Umbrian cuisine, which features dishes like truffles, olive oil, and local wines.

### Notable Events and Festivals
Assisi hosts several notable events and festivals throughout the year, including:

- **Feast of Saint Francis of Assisi**: Celebrated on October 4th, this festival honors the city's patron saint with processions, religious services, and cultural events.
- **Calendimaggio**: A medieval festival held in May, featuring historical reenactments, music, and traditional costumes.
- **Christmas Celebrations**: Assisi is known for its festive Christmas decorations and nativity scenes, reflecting its Franciscan traditions.

### Related Entities and Connections
Assisi is connected to several notable entities and organizations:

- **Franciscan Order**: Founded by Saint Francis of Assisi in 1209, the order has its headquarters in Assisi and includes the Order of Friars Minor, the Order of Friars Minor Conventual, and the Order of Poor Clares.
- **Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli**: A major religious site associated with the Franciscan Order.
- **Sacro Convento**: A Franciscan friary attached to the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi.
- **Portiuncula**: A small church within the Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli, where Saint Francis founded the Franciscan Order.
- **San Damiano**: A church dating back to 1101, associated with Saint Francis.
- **Basilica of Santa Chiara**: A church containing the remains of Saint Clare of Assisi.
- **Assisi Cathedral**: A Romanesque cathedral dedicated to Saint Rufinus of Assisi.
- **Temple of Minerva**: A Roman temple transformed into a church.

### Modern Significance
Assisi remains a vital center of Christian spirituality and a symbol of peace and humility. Its religious sites, cultural heritage, and historical significance continue to attract visitors from around the world. The city's association with Saint Francis of Assisi and the Franciscan Order ensures its enduring relevance in both religious and cultural contexts. Assisi's status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site further underscores its global importance and the need to preserve its unique heritage for future generations.

## References

1. [Source](https://oewd.org/san-francisco-sister-cities)
2. [Source](http://www.comune.bari.it/documents/20181/24040413/Protocollo+di+Collaborazione.pdf/fdcb75af-ac54-4f5e-8fc1-bc9f8fa7a6e6)
3. [Source](http://www.comune.bari.it/documents/20181/24040413/Delib.+G.M.+n.+253+del+18.4.2018+-+Sindaco+De+Caro.pdf/ff0f6a23-6d50-4fbd-b1ca-2251763148e1)
4. [Source](http://www.comune.bari.it/gemellaggi/-/asset_publisher/tfQJLAc084vx/content/assisi?inheritRedirect=false&redirect=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comune.bari.it%2Fgemellaggi%3Fp_p_id%3D101_INSTANCE_tfQJLAc084vx%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26p_p_col_id%3Dcolumn-2%26p_p_col_count%3D1)
5. [Source](http://www.comune.bari.it/gemellaggi)
6. Virtual International Authority File
7. Integrated Authority File
8. [Basi territoriali e variabili censuarie - Sezioni di censimento 10-Umbria - 2021. Italian National Institute of Statistics](https://www.istat.it/storage/cartografia/basi_territoriali/2021/R10_21.zip)
9. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
10. Czech National Authority Database
11. MusicBrainz
12. [Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018. Italian National Institute of Statistics](http://demo.istat.it/pop2018/index3.html)
13. [Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2017. Italian National Institute of Statistics](http://demo.istat.it/pop2017/index3.html)
14. [Source](https://demo.istat.it/?l=it)
15. GeoNames
16. [Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011. Italian National Institute of Statistics](https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/156224)
17. Wiki Loves Monuments Italia
18. [Source](https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/assisi/)
19. Quora
20. [archINFORM](https://www.archinform.net/service/wd_aiort.php)
21. [Source](https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Asyz;3871929.html)
22. [Bibliography of the History of the Czech Lands](https://biblio.hiu.cas.cz/records/356c6c37-1d54-4371-be52-cec83666d6ca)
23. Seismic classification in Italy
24. [Source](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/sismico/attivita/classificazione-sismica)