# Application of a Hybrid Model Based on Echo State Network and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization in PM2.5 Concentration Forecasting: A Case Study of Beijing, China

> Research article (Sustainability, 2019) · cited 32× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2947459851](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2947459851)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/application-of-a-hybrid-model-based-on-echo-state-network-and-improved-particle-swarm-optimization-in-pm2-5-concentratio