# Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a gold standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems

> Research article (Database, 2018) · cited 26× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2949756071](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2949756071)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/annotation-of-phenotypes-using-ontologies-a-gold-standard-for-the-training-and-evaluation-of-natural-language-processing