# Anabasis

> book by Xenophon

**Wikidata**: [Q73112](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73112)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabasis_(Xenophon))  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/anabasis

## Summary
Anabasis is a literary work and travel book written by the ancient Greek author Xenophon, originally composed around 370 BC. It serves as both a narrative of a military expedition and a reference work detailing confirmed historical facts about Ancient Greece. The text is widely recognized under various titles, including "Xenophon's March Up-Country" and "Anabasis of Cyrus."

## Key Facts
- **Inception Date:** Approximately 370 BC (-0370-00-00T00:00:00Z).
- **Primary Author:** Xenophon.
- **Original Title:** Anabasis (Xenophon).
- **Publication Date:** 1859 (+1859-00:00:00Z).
- **Aliases:** Xenophon's March Up-Country, Anabasis of Cyrus, Xen. Anab.
- **Primary Classification:** Literary work (written for enjoyment or edification).
- **Secondary Classifications:** Reference work (genre for confirmed facts), Travel book (literary genre).
- **Historical Context:** Ancient Greece (civilization spanning 1200 BC to 600 AD).
- **Wikipedia Sitelink Count:** 48.
- **Wikidata Description:** Book by Xenophon.

## FAQs
**What are the alternative names for this book?**
The work is frequently referred to as "Xenophon's March Up-Country," "Anabasis of Cyrus," or abbreviated as "Xen. Anab." These aliases reflect different historical interpretations and shorthand references used by scholars and readers.

**When was the work originally written versus when was it published?**
Xenophon originally composed the text around 370 BC during the era of Ancient Greece. However, a specific recorded publication date for a major edition appears in 1859, indicating its continued relevance and circulation in the modern era.

**How is the book categorized in terms of genre and utility?**
It functions simultaneously as a literary work intended for enjoyment or edification and as a travel book documenting a specific journey. Additionally, it is classified as a reference work, meaning it is consulted for verified historical facts regarding the period.

**What historical civilization does the book document?**
The narrative is set within the context of Ancient Greece, a civilization that existed from approximately 1200 BC to 600 AD. It provides a specific window into the events and geography of this era.

## Why It Matters
Anabasis holds significant value as a primary source for understanding the military and political landscape of Ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Its dual nature as both a compelling narrative and a factual reference work makes it indispensable for historians, literary scholars, and students of classical antiquity. The text preserves critical details about the "March Up-Country," offering insights that cannot be found in other contemporary records. Its enduring presence, evidenced by 48 Wikipedia sitelinks, demonstrates its continued role in education and historical research.

## Notable For
- **Genre Versatility:** It uniquely bridges the gap between a travelogue, a historical reference, and a piece of literary fiction.
- **Historical Longevity:** The work has remained relevant for over two millennia, from its inception in 370 BC to modern publications in 1859 and beyond.
- **Authorial Authority:** It stands as a definitive account by Xenophon, a key figure in Ancient Greek history and philosophy.
- **High Connectivity:** The entity maintains a high level of digital and academic connectivity, reflected in its 48 Wikipedia sitelinks and 20 literary work sitelinks.
- **Multiple Identifiers:** It is distinguished by a rich set of aliases, allowing for cross-referencing in various academic and popular contexts.

## Body

### Origins and Authorship
The entity known as Anabasis was created by Xenophon, a prominent figure in Ancient Greek history. The work was conceived around 370 BC, placing its inception firmly within the later period of the Ancient Greek civilization, which spans from 1200 BC to 600 AD. Xenophon wrote the text to document a specific historical event, blending personal narrative with factual reporting. The work is officially cataloged in Wikidata with the description "book by Xenophon," establishing its primary identity in digital knowledge bases.

### Classification and Genre
Anabasis defies simple categorization by occupying multiple literary spaces simultaneously. It is classified as a literary work, defined as a written piece read for enjoyment or edification. Beyond its narrative value, it functions as a travel book, a specific literary genre focused on journeys and geographical exploration. Furthermore, it serves as a reference work, a genre specifically designed for users to consult for confirmed facts. This multi-faceted classification allows the text to be utilized in diverse academic and recreational contexts, from studying military history to analyzing classical prose.

### Titles and Aliases
The work is known by several distinct titles that reflect its content and authorship. The primary title is "Anabasis (Xenophon)," which is used for its Wikipedia entry. Alternative names include "Xenophon's March Up-Country," which highlights the central action of the narrative, and "Anabasis of Cyrus," which references the historical figure central to the expedition. In academic shorthand, it is often abbreviated as "Xen. Anab." These aliases ensure the work is accessible across different linguistic and scholarly traditions.

### Publication and Digital Presence
While the text originated in antiquity, it has seen continuous publication and digital integration. A specific publication date is recorded as 1859, marking a significant point in its modern dissemination. In the digital age, the work maintains a robust presence, with a sitelink count of 48 on Wikipedia, indicating extensive coverage and linking within the encyclopedia. It also holds 20 sitelinks under the "literary work" class and 30 under "travel book," demonstrating its broad relevance across different knowledge domains.

### Historical Context
The narrative is deeply rooted in the civilization of Ancient Greece, a historical period defined as lasting from 1200 BC to 600 AD. The events described in Anabasis provide a snapshot of the political and military dynamics of this era. By documenting the march and the surrounding events, the text serves as a crucial link to understanding the societal structures and conflicts of the time. Its status as a reference work ensures that the facts presented about Ancient Greece are treated as confirmed historical data by researchers.

## References

1. Virtual International Authority File
2. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
3. [Caelius’ Translation of Xenophons’s Anabasis. HRČAK (portal)](https://hrcak.srce.hr/180504)
4. [Source](https://wolnelektury.pl/katalog/lektura/ksenofont-wyprawa-cyrusa/)
5. [Source](https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/abbrevhelp)