# An ultrasonic-AI hybrid approach for predicting void defects in concrete-filled steel tubes via enhanced XGBoost with Bayesian optimization

> Research article (Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2025) · cited 27× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4407158081](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4407158081)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/an-ultrasonic-ai-hybrid-approach-for-predicting-void-defects-in-concrete-filled-steel-tubes-via-enhanced-xgboost-with-ba