# An Integral Sliding Mode Back-EMF Observer for Position-Sensorless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives

> Research article (2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), 2019) · cited 18× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2994503630](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2994503630)  
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