# An improvement by introducing LBFGS idea into the Adam optimizer for machine learning

> Research article (Expert Systems with Applications, 2025) · cited 11× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4412459413](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4412459413)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/an-improvement-by-introducing-lbfgs-idea-into-the-adam-optimizer-for-machine-learning