# An improved African vultures optimization algorithm using different fitness functions for multi-level thresholding image segmentation

> Research article (Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2023) · cited 133× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4384821286](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4384821286)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/an-improved-african-vultures-optimization-algorithm-using-different-fitness-functions-for-multi-level-thresholding-image