# An adaptive second-order sliding-mode observer for permanent magnet synchronous motor with an improved phase-locked loop structure considering speed reverse

> Research article (Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 2019) · cited 24× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2988706699](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2988706699)  
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