# AMOS

> series of Israeli communications satellites

**Wikidata**: [Q474206](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474206)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMOS_(satellite))  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/amos-q474206

## Summary
AMOS is a series of Israeli communications satellites operated by Spacecom. As a spacecraft series subclassed under communications satellites, it serves as a space-based relay station for telecommunications. The series includes multiple generations of satellites manufactured primarily by Israel Aerospace Industries, with specific units developed by partners like Boeing and JSC Information Satellite Systems.

## Key Facts
- **Classification:** Instance of a `spacecraft series` and a subclass of `communications satellite`.
- **Operator:** Spacecom.
- **Country of Origin:** Israel.
- **Primary Manufacturer:** Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd.
- **Aliases:** Affordable Modular Optimized Satellite, Amos.
- **Fleet Status:** The series includes active, decommissioned, lost, and cancelled units.
    - **Active/Operational:** AMOS-3, AMOS-4, AMOS-17, AsiaSat 8.
    - **Decommissioned:** AMOS-2, Intelsat 24.
    - **Out of Service:** AMOS-5.
    - **Destroyed Before Launch:** AMOS-6.
    - **Cancelled:** AMOS-8.
- **Specialized Manufacturing:**
    - **AMOS-5:** Manufactured by JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev.
    - **AMOS-17:** Manufactured by Boeing Satellite Development Center.
- **Identifiers:**
    - **Wikipedia Title:** AMOS (satellite)
    - **BabelNet ID:** 03406576n
    - **Freebase ID:** /m/0f96m6

## FAQs
### What is the primary function of the AMOS satellite series?
The AMOS series functions as a communications satellite system, designed to orbit Earth and relay telecommunication signals. It serves as a repeater to transmit data for applications such as television broadcasting, telephone calls, and internet connectivity.

### Who manufactures and operates the AMOS satellites?
While the series is primarily associated with the manufacturer Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd, specific satellites have been built by JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev (AMOS-5) and Boeing Satellite Development Center (AMOS-17). The constellation is operated by the company Spacecom.

### What is the operational history of the AMOS fleet?
The fleet has a diverse history. Early models like AMOS-2 and assets like Intelsat 24 have been decommissioned, while AMOS-3 and AMOS-4 remain active. The series has faced significant setbacks, including the loss of AMOS-5 (out of service), the destruction of AMOS-6 before launch, and the cancellation of AMOS-8.

## Why It Matters
The AMOS satellite series represents Israel's strategic entry into the global telecommunications landscape. As a national system listed alongside major global fleets like Canada's Anik, India's GSAT, and Turkey's Türksat, AMOS provides critical infrastructure for overcoming the limitations of physical cables and Earth's curvature. By enabling real-time communication across vast distances, the series supports broadcasting, internet data transmission, and secure government operations. The evolution of the series, including collaborations with Russian and American manufacturers for specific units, highlights its role as a dynamic, multinational technological endeavor essential for maintaining connectivity in the modern information age.

## Notable For
- **National Strategic Asset:** AMOS is the designated communications satellite series for Israel, placing the country among the nations with independent satellite communication capabilities.
- **Diverse Manufacturing Base:** Unlike some national series built by a single contractor, AMOS has utilized manufacturing partners from the United States (Boeing) and Russia (JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev) for specific iterations.
- **Fleet Resilience and Challenges:** The series is notable for its complex operational history, which includes successfully deploying advanced high-throughput satellites like AMOS-17 while navigating high-profile failures, such as the total loss of AMOS-6 before launch and the cancellation of AMOS-8.
- **Integration with International Fleets:** The series includes unique cross-fleet entities, such as AsiaSat 8, within its structural properties.

## Body
### Definition and Classification
AMOS (an acronym for Affordable Modular Optimized Satellite) is a series of spacecraft categorized as a `spacecraft series` and a `subclass` of `communications satellite`. The series originates from Israel and is designed to function as an artificial satellite for telecommunications. As with other communications satellites (often abbreviated as comsat or SATCOM), the primary objective of the AMOS series is to act as a relay station in space, facilitating the transmission of signals for television, telephone, and internet applications.

### The Satellite Fleet
The AMOS series comprises a distinct set of satellites with varying operational statuses and manufacturing origins.

- **AMOS-2:** An earlier unit in the series, now classified as decommissioned.
- **AMOS-3:** Currently listed as an active part of the series.
- **AMOS-4:** Currently listed as an active part of the series.
- **AMOS-5:** Manufactured by **JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev** (a Russian entity), distinct from the primary Israeli manufacturer. It is currently classified as "out of service."
- **AMOS-6:** Notable for its status as "destroyed before launch."
- **AMOS-8:** Listed as a planned unit that was ultimately "cancelled."
- **AMOS-17:** A later generation satellite manufactured by the **Boeing Satellite Development Center** (US entity), distinct from the Russian and Israeli manufacturers of other units.
- **AsiaSat 8:** Included as a component of the AMOS series structure.
- **Intelsat 24:** Included in the series structure and marked as "decommissioned."

### Manufacturing and Operations
The development and operation of the AMOS series involve a mix of national and international industrial collaboration.
- **Operator:** The series is operated by **Spacecom**.
- **Primary Manufacturer:** The majority of the series is attributed to **Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd**.
- **Specialized Manufacturing:** The series demonstrates international supply chain integration. **JSC Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev** manufactured the AMOS-5 unit, while **Boeing Satellite Development Center** manufactured AMOS-17.

### Technical Context and Applications
As a communications satellite series, AMOS utilizes the fundamental principles of satellite communication. It operates as a type of spacecraft placed in orbit to facilitate telecommunications. The technology enables the relay and amplification of radio telecommunication signals across different points on Earth. This capability allows the series to support critical infrastructure for television, radio, internet, and military applications, similar to other global systems like the US Syncom, Russian Ekspress, and UK Skynet. The series is identified across multiple knowledge bases and languages, with entries in Wikipedia languages including English, Hebrew, Russian, German, and Spanish, among others.

## References

1. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
2. BabelNet