# Amadou Toumani Touré > Malian soldier and politician **Wikidata**: [Q170597](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170597) **Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amadou_Toumani_Touré) **Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/amadou-toumani-toure ## Summary Amadou Toumani Touré was a Malian soldier and politician who served as a key figure in Mali's military and political leadership. He is best known for his role in the 1991 coup that overthrew President Moussa Traoré, leading to democratic elections, and later as President of Mali from 2002 to 2012. His leadership was marked by efforts to stabilize the country and promote democratic governance. ## Biography - **Born**: November 4, 1948 - **Nationality**: Malian - **Education**: Combined Arms Military School in Koulikoro (established October 1, 1962) - **Known for**: Leading the 1991 coup in Mali, serving as President of Mali (2002–2012) - **Employer(s)**: Malian Armed Forces, Government of Mali - **Field(s)**: Military, Politics ## Contributions Amadou Toumani Touré played a pivotal role in Mali's political transition. In 1991, he led a military coup that removed President Moussa Traoré from power, paving the way for democratic elections. He served as the transitional leader before handing over power to the democratically elected President Alpha Oumar Konaré in 1992. Touré was later elected President of Mali in 2002 and re-elected in 2007, focusing on national reconciliation, economic development, and regional stability. His presidency was noted for efforts to address the Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995) and promote peace in the region. ## FAQs - **What was Amadou Toumani Touré's role in Mali's political history?** Amadou Toumani Touré was a central figure in Mali's transition to democracy. He led the 1991 coup that overthrew President Moussa Traoré and later served as President of Mali from 2002 to 2012, focusing on national unity and development. - **Where was Amadou Toumani Touré educated?** He attended the Combined Arms Military School in Koulikoro, Mali, which was established on October 1, 1962. - **What awards did Amadou Toumani Touré receive?** He was awarded the Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour and the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour by France, as well as the Order of José Martí from Cuba. - **What was Amadou Toumani Touré's military background?** Touré was a military officer in the Malian Armed Forces and played a significant role in the Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995), working towards peace and stability in the region. ## Why They Matter Amadou Toumani Touré's leadership was instrumental in Mali's transition from military rule to democracy. His actions in 1991 set the stage for democratic governance, and his presidency from 2002 to 2012 focused on national reconciliation and economic development. His efforts to address regional conflicts, such as the Tuareg rebellion, contributed to stability in Mali and the broader West African region. ## Notable For - Leading the 1991 coup in Mali that overthrew President Moussa Traoré. - Serving as President of Mali from 2002 to 2012. - Receiving the Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour and the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour from France. - Being awarded the Order of José Martí from Cuba. - Playing a key role in addressing the Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995). ## Body ### Early Life and Education Amadou Toumani Touré was born on November 4, 1948, in Mali. He pursued a military career and attended the Combined Arms Military School in Koulikoro, Mali, which was established on October 1, 1962. This education laid the foundation for his future roles in the Malian Armed Forces and political leadership. ### Military Career Touré served as a military officer in the Malian Armed Forces. He was involved in the Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995), a conflict that sought greater autonomy for the Tuareg people in Mali and Niger. His military background and leadership during this period were crucial in shaping his political career. ### Political Leadership In 1991, Touré led a military coup that removed President Moussa Traoré from power. This coup was a turning point in Mali's political history, leading to democratic elections and the establishment of a transitional government. Touré served as the transitional leader before handing over power to the democratically elected President Alpha Oumar Konaré in 1992. Touré was later elected President of Mali in 2002 and re-elected in 2007. His presidency was marked by efforts to promote national reconciliation, economic development, and regional stability. He focused on addressing the challenges faced by Mali, including the Tuareg rebellion and other regional conflicts. ### Awards and Recognition Amadou Toumani Touré received several prestigious awards during his career. He was awarded the Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour and the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour by France, recognizing his contributions to Mali and the broader region. He also received the Order of José Martí from Cuba, further highlighting his international recognition. ### Legacy Amadou Toumani Touré's leadership and contributions to Mali's political and military history have left a lasting impact. His role in the 1991 coup and subsequent democratic transition set the stage for Mali's modern political landscape. His efforts to address regional conflicts and promote national unity have been instrumental in shaping Mali's development and stability. ## References 1. [Source](https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/mali-deces-de-l-ex-president-amadou-toumani-toure-20201110) 2. BnF authorities 3. Virtual International Authority File 4. Encyclopædia Britannica Online 5. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie 6. Munzinger Personen 7. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013 8. Library of Congress Control Number 9. La France savante