# Alfred Stieglitz

> American photographer (1864–1946)

**Wikidata**: [Q313055](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q313055)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Stieglitz)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/alfred-stieglitz

## Summary
Alfred Stieglitz was an American photographer, exhibition curator, and publisher active from 1880 to 1940. He is best known for founding the Photo-Secession movement and for his seminal works "The Steerage" and "Winter - Fifth Avenue," which helped establish photography as a fine art.

## Biography
- **Nationality:** United States
- **Education:** Affiliated with City College of New York; Technische Universität Berlin
- **Known for:** Photography, exhibition curation, publishing
- **Work period:** 1880 – 1940
- **Field(s):** Photography, Art (Portrait, Cityscape, Landscape painting context)

## Contributions
Alfred Stieglitz created several significant photographic works and publications that shaped the field. In 1907, he produced the photograph "The Steerage." Prior to this, he captured "Winter - Fifth Avenue" in 1893 (work began in 1892). He founded and published the quarterly photographic journal *Camera Work* in 1903 and the magazine *Camera Notes* in 1897. Additionally, he was responsible for the magazine *291*, established in 1915. He founded the Photo-Secession group in 1902, a pivotal art movement in the United States.

## FAQs
**What art movements or groups did Alfred Stieglitz found?**
Alfred Stieglitz founded the Photo-Secession in 1902, a group of photographers and art movement based in the United States. He was also affiliated with The Linked Ring, an association of English photographers founded in 1892.

**What magazines or journals did Alfred Stieglitz publish?**
Stieglitz published the quarterly photographic journal *Camera Work* (inception 1903), the magazine *Camera Notes* (inception 1897), and the magazine *291* (inception 1915).

**What are Alfred Stieglitz’s most famous photographs?**
His most notable photographs include "The Steerage," taken in 1907, and "Winter - Fifth Avenue," created between 1892 and 1893.

**Who were Alfred Stieglitz’s notable associates?**
Stieglitz’s circle included the American painter Oscar Florianus Bluemner (1867–1938).

## Why They Matter
Alfred Stieglitz played a critical role in elevating photography to the status of a fine art in the United States. Through his leadership of the Photo-Secession and his curation of exhibitions, he bridged the gap between American photographers and European art movements. His publications, particularly *Camera Work*, served as essential platforms for photographic theory and artistic innovation. Without his efforts as a publisher and curator, the acceptance of modern art and photography in early 20th-century America would have been significantly delayed.

## Notable For
-   Founder of the Photo-Secession group (1902).
-   Creator of the photograph "The Steerage" (1907).
-   Publisher of the journal *Camera Work* (1903).
-   Publisher of the magazine *Camera Notes* (1897).
-   Publisher of the magazine *291* (1915).
-   Creator of the photograph "Winter - Fifth Avenue" (1893).
-   Association with The Linked Ring.

## Body

### Early Life and Education
Alfred Stieglitz was a human and a citizen of the United States. His educational background includes affiliations with the City College of New York, a senior college in the City University of New system founded in 1847, and the Technische Universität Berlin, a public research university in Germany.

### Photography and Artistic Works
Stieglitz operated professionally as a photographer, exhibition curator, and publisher. His active work period spanned from 1880 to 1940. He is renowned for his contributions to various art genres, including portraits, cityscapes, and landscape painting contexts.

His most acclaimed photographic works include:
*   **"The Steerage":** A photograph taken in 1907.
*   **"Winter - Fifth Avenue":** A photograph created in 1893, with work starting in 1892.

### Leadership and Movements
A pivotal figure in the art community, Stieglitz founded the **Photo-Secession** in 1902. This group of photographers and art movement was based in the United States. He was also closely affiliated with **The Linked Ring**, an association of English photographers founded in 1892, which shared his dedication to promoting photography as a fine art.

### Publishing Career
Stieglitz was a prolific publisher who utilized media to advance artistic discourse. His publishing ventures included:
*   ***Camera Work*:** A quarterly photographic journal founded in 1903 in the United States.
*   ***Camera Notes*:** A magazine founded in 1897.
*   ***291*:** A magazine founded in 1915.

### Professional Network
Stieglitz collaborated and associated with key figures in the art world, including the American painter **Oscar Florianus Bluemner** (1867–1938). Bluemner, a citizen of the United States, was part of the artistic circle that defined the era.

## References

1. Union List of Artist Names
2. BnF authorities
3. Integrated Authority File
4. Museum of Modern Art online collection
5. Archives Directory for the History of Collecting in America
6. [Source](https://www.okeeffemuseum.org/about-georgia-okeeffe/timeline/)
7. LIBRIS. 2008
8. datos.bne.es
9. The Fine Art Archive
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11. RKDartists
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13. [Source](http://100photos.time.com/photos/alfred-stieglitz-steerage)
14. Artnet
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20. [Source](https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/t/photo-secession)
21. [Source](http://www.luminous-lint.com/app/theme/376/)
22. IMDb
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37. AGORHA
38. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
39. [Source](http://www.ubu.com/historical/291/index.html)
40. CONOR.SI
41. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art online collection
42. DACS register
43. [Source](https://www.bellasartes.gob.ar/)
44. Smithsonian American Art Museum person/institution ID
45. [Source](https://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/photoPublic/fullDisplay.cfm?CollID=15724)
46. [Source](https://library.si.edu/art-and-artist-files)
47. [Source](https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1cl1g8d/alma99821143504896)