# Alfred Hitchcock

> British filmmaker (1899–1980)

**Wikidata**: [Q7374](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7374)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/alfred-hitchcock

## Summary

Alfred Hitchcock was born on August 13, 1899, in Leytonstone [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. He held citizenship in the United Kingdom, the United States, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland [21][22]. His professional roles included film director, film producer, actor, television producer, television director, and director [12][23][17][24].Hitchcock married Alma Reville in 1926, and they remained spouses until his death in 1980 [12]. The couple had one child, Pat Hitchcock . His work was influenced by F. W. Murnau [12].His notable works include North by Northwest, The Man Who Knew Too Much, Foreign Correspondent, The Lady Vanishes, The 39 Steps, and Saboteur, along with four others [25]. He received the AFI Life Achievement Award, Knight of the Legion of Honour, Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire, BAFTA Fellowship, Edgar Awards, Officer of Arts and Letters, and two additional awards [26][27][28][29]. Hitchcock died on April 29, 1980, in Bel Air due to kidney failure [1][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][16][17][18][30][19][31][32][33].

## Summary
Alfred Hitchcock was a renowned British filmmaker, celebrated as a master of suspense, who directed iconic films such as *Psycho*, *Vertigo*, and *North by Northwest*. Born in 1899 in Leytonstone, London, he became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1955 and is widely regarded for his innovative techniques in the thriller and horror genres.

## Biography
- **Born**: August 13, 1899, Leytonstone, London, United Kingdom
- **Nationality**: British, later U.S. citizen (1955)
- **Education**: Attended the London County Council School of Engineering and Navigation (1913–1914)
- **Known for**: Pioneering suspense techniques in filmmaking
- **Employer(s)**: Associated British Picture Corporation, Selznick International Pictures, Universal Pictures
- **Field(s)**: Film direction, production, screenwriting

## Contributions
- **Films**: Directed over 50 films, including *The 39 Steps* (1935), *Rebecca* (1940), *Rear Window* (1954), *Vertigo* (1958), *North by Northwest* (1959), *Psycho* (1960), and *The Birds* (1963).
- **Techniques**: Popularized the "MacGuffin" plot device and point-of-view shots.
- **Television**: Hosted and produced *Alfred Hitchcock Presents* (1955–1962) and *The Alfred Hitchcock Hour* (1962–1965).

## FAQs
**What are Alfred Hitchcock's most famous films?**  
Hitchcock's iconic works include *Psycho*, *Vertigo*, *North by Northwest*, *Rear Window*, and *The Birds*, renowned for their suspenseful narratives and technical innovation.

**Where did Hitchcock work?**  
He collaborated with studios such as Selznick International Pictures, Universal Pictures, and the Associated British Picture Corporation, and produced/directed for television networks like CBS.

**What awards did Hitchcock receive?**  
He was honored with the AFI Life Achievement Award (1973), the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award (1967), and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among others.

**How did Hitchcock influence filmmaking?**  
Hitchcock's mastery of suspense, use of long takes, and narrative techniques like the "MacGuffin" redefined thriller genres, inspiring directors such as Martin Scorsese and Steven Spielberg.

## Why They Matter
Alfred Hitchcock revolutionized filmmaking through his innovative use of suspense, camera techniques, and psychological storytelling. His films redefined the thriller genre, leaving a lasting impact on popular culture and influencing generations of filmmakers. Without Hitchcock, the landscape of suspense cinema would lack its foundational techniques and iconic narratives.

## Notable For
- **"Master of Suspense"**: Nicknamed for his ability to craft tension in films.
- **Innovative Techniques**: Popularized the dolly zoom effect and point-of-view shots.
- **Awards**: Received the AFI Life Achievement Award, Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
- **Cultural Impact**: Films like *Psycho* and *The Birds* became cultural touchstones, shaping public perception of horror and suspense.

## Body

### Early Life and Education
Born on August 13, 1899, in Leytonstone, London, Alfred Hitchcock grew up in a working-class family. He attended the London County Council School of Engineering and Navigation (1913–1914) before working as a title card designer for the London branch of the Famous Players-Lasky Company (later Paramount Pictures).

### Career Beginnings
Hitchcock's film career began in 1915 at the London branch of Paramount, where he designed title cards. By the 1920s, he transitioned to directing, starting with the silent film *The Pleasure Garden* (1925). His early works, such as *The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog* (1927), showcased his emerging suspense style.

### Rise to Prominence
The 1930s solidified Hitchcock's reputation with films like *The 39 Steps* (1935) and *The Lady Vanishes* (1938). Relocating to Hollywood in 1939, he directed *Rebecca* (1940), his first American film, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture. The 1950s and 1960s marked his peak with classics such as *Rear Window* (1954), *Vertigo* (1958), *North by Northwest* (1959), *Psycho* (1960), and *The Birds* (1963).

### Television Work
Beyond film, Hitchcock hosted and produced the anthology series *Alfred Hitchcock Presents* (1955–1962) and *The Alfred Hitchcock Hour* (1962–1965), introducing his persona to broader audiences.

### Legacy and Influence
Hitchcock's legacy extends beyond his filmography. He influenced directors like Martin Scorsese and Brian De Palma, who emulated his suspense techniques. His films continue to be studied in film schools, ensuring his methods remain foundational in cinematic education.

### Personal Life
Hitchcock married Alma Reville in 1926, a collaboration that lasted until his death. He became a U.S. citizen in 1955 but retained his British citizenship. Hitchcock passed away on April 29, 1980, in Los Angeles, leaving an indelible mark on cinema.

## References

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11. [Source](http://epn.tv/all/type-of/news/the-killing-producer-to-remake-hitchcocks-suspicion-news/)
12. The Fine Art Archive
13. www.acmi.net.au
14. [2023](https://www.tdg.ch/spectacle-a-yverdon-les-bains-le-cinema-selon-hitchcock-truffaut-et-godard-a-la-sauce-belge-654922906418)
15. The London Gazette 48041
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17. [Source](https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1971/01/18/pour-alfred-hitchcock-l-humour-est-le-seul-moyen-de-saisir-l-absurde_2458366_1819218.html)
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47. [Source](https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/87065|10493/Alfred-Hitchcock/#overview)
48. Treccani's Enciclopedia on line
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