# Alexander Dubček

> first Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party (1921-1992)

**Wikidata**: [Q150543](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150543)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Dubček)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/alexander-dubcek

## Summary
Alexander Dubček was a Slovak politician and diplomat who served as the First Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party. Born in 1921 and deceased in 1992, he is recognized as a significant figure in Czechoslovak history, holding the highest order of the Czech Republic, the Order of the White Lion.

## Biography
- **Born:** 27 November 1921
- **Died:** 7 November 1992
- **Nationality:** Czechoslovakia
- **Education:**
  - Comenius University (honorary doctorate)
  - Higher Party School at the Central Committee of the CPSU
  - University of Madrid Complutense (honorary doctorate)
- **Known for:** Serving as First Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party
- **Employer(s):** Czechoslovak Communist Party
- **Field(s):** Politics, Diplomacy
- **Conflict:** World War II

## Contributions
Alexander Dubček held the position of First Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party. His career is marked by his leadership within the political structure of Czechoslovakia. He received honorary doctorates from Comenius University and the University of Madrid Complutense.

## FAQs
### What awards did Alexander Dubček receive?
Alexander Dubček received the Order of the White Lion, which is the highest order of the Czech Republic. He was also a recipient of the Sakharov Prize, an award honoring individuals dedicated to the defense of human rights and freedom of thought.

### Where was Alexander Dubček educated?
He was educated at the Higher Party School at the Central Committee of the CPSU in the Soviet Union. Additionally, he received honorary doctorates from Comenius University in Slovakia and the University of Madrid Complutense.

### What was Alexander Dubček's role in World War II?
Alexander Dubček is associated with the conflict of World War II (1939–1945).

## Why They Matter
Alexander Dubček matters as a central political figure in the history of Czechoslovakia, a sovereign state that existed from 1918 to 1992. As First Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party, he played a pivotal role during a period defined by the Cold War and the country's membership in the Warsaw Pact and COMECON. His recognition with the Sakharov Prize underscores a dedication to human rights and freedom of thought, marking him as a significant figure in the transition of European political history.

## Notable For
- **First Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party**: Held the top leadership role in the party.
- **Order of the White Lion**: Recipient of the highest order of the Czech Republic.
- **Sakharov Prize**: Honored for dedication to human rights and freedom of thought.
- **Honorary Doctorates**: Awarded by the University of Madrid Complutense and Comenius University.
- **Historical Figure**: Lived from 1921 to 1992, spanning the existence of Czechoslovakia.

## Body
### Early Life and Education
Alexander Dubček was born on 27 November 1921. His life spanned the duration of Czechoslovakia, a sovereign state in Central Europe formed in 1918. He pursued education in political science at the Higher Party School at the Central Committee of the CPSU, a political school located in the Soviet Union (specifically Moscow) established in 1938.

### Political Career
Dubček served as the First Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party. His political career occurred within the context of Czechoslovakia's government structure, which operated as a unitary parliamentary republic with a president as head of state and prime minister as head of government. The country was a member of the United Nations, Warsaw Pact, and COMECON. His timeline overlaps with significant national events, including the country's invasion by Nazi Germany in 1939 and the subsequent influence of the Soviet Union.

### Awards and Recognition
Throughout his life, Dubček received several prestigious awards:
- **Order of the White Lion**: The highest order of the Czech Republic, established in 1922.
- **Sakharov Prize**: An award instituted in 1988 honoring individuals dedicated to the defense of human rights and freedom of thought.
- **Honorary Doctorates**: He was recognized as an honorary doctor of the University of Madrid Complutense and an honorary doctor of Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.

### Historical Context
Dubček's life (1921–1992) mirrors the lifespan of Czechoslovakia, which dissolved into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993. He was a contemporary of the era following the Velvet Revolution in 1989, which led to the peaceful dissolution of the communist regime. His work as a politician and diplomat occurred during a period when Czechoslovakia was a significant cultural and political hub, known for its industrial base in automotive (Škoda), aerospace, and glassmaking sectors.

### Affiliations
He was affiliated with Comenius University, a public university in Bratislava founded in 1919. His educational background also includes the Interhelpo, a cooperative of workers and farmers in Soviet Kyrgyzstan, noted for its inception in May 1923.

## References

1. [Source](http://spectator.sme.sk/articles/view/50436/9/dubcek_in_public_and_private.html)
2. [Source](https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek.html)
3. [Source](https://www.private-prague-guide.com/article/alexander-dubcek-the-leader-of-the-1968-prague-spring/)
4. Czech National Authority Database
5. [Records of persons of interest](http://svazky.cz/test/svazkyMT.php?jmeno=Alexander&prijm=Dubcek&dnar=27.11.1921&hledej=Hledat)
6. Integrated Authority File
7. [Source](http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/prague-spring-buried-in-moscows-history/369924.html)
8. [Source](http://www.sheilaomalley.com/?p=45851)
9. [Source](http://spartacus-educational.com/COLDprague.htm)
10. The Fine Art Archive
11. BnF authorities
12. [Zomrel Pavol Dubček, syn Alexandra Dubčeka. 2022](https://www.teraz.sk/slovensko/zomrel-pavol-dubcek-syn-alexandra-dub/613108-clanok.html)
13. [Source](https://www.europarl.europa.eu/sakharovprize/en/alexander-dubcek-1989-slovakia/products-details/20200330CAN54164)
14. [Source](https://archiv.prezident.sk/gasparovic/indexbaf8.html?statne-vyznamenania-udelene-v-rokoch-19931998)
15. [Source](https://archiv.prezident.sk/schuster/index8bf1.html?378)
16. [Source](https://www.valka.cz/Rad-25-unora-1949-t88194)
17. [Alexander Dubček, Dr. h. c.](https://uniba.sk/veda/zvlastne-ocenenia-udelovane-univerzitou/drhc/alexander-dubcek-dr-h-c/)
18. International Standard Name Identifier
19. Virtual International Authority File
20. CiNii Research
21. [Source](http://www.ce-review.org/00/8/kopanic8.html)
22. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
23. Find a Grave
24. Discogs
25. filmportal.de
26. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
27. [Brockhaus Enzyklopädie](https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/dubcek-alexander)
28. Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana
29. Proleksis Encyclopedia
30. Croatian Encyclopedia
31. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
32. [Source](http://svazky.cz/test/svazkyMT.php?jmeno=Alexander&prijm=Dubcek&dnar=27.11.1921&hledej=Hledat)
33. Treccani's Enciclopedia on line
34. Enciclopedia Treccani
35. The Movie Database
36. LIBRIS. 2012
37. Dizionario di Storia
38. Bibliography of the History of the Czech Lands
39. Catalogo of the National Library of India