# Abraham Kuyper

> Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1837-1920)

**Wikidata**: [Q320014](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320014)  
**Wikipedia**: [English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Kuyper)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/abraham-kuyper

## Summary

Abraham Kuyper was born on October 29, 1837, in Maassluis[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and died on November 8, 1920, in The Hague[1][8][2][3][4][5]. He was a citizen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. He married Johanna Hendrika Schaay in 1863[9], and they had three children: C.M.E. Kuyper, Henriëtte Kuyper, and Herman Huber Kuyper[9]. He received his education from Leiden University and Delft University of Technology[9].His professional occupations included journalist, theologian, politician, university teacher, Christian minister, and jurist[6][7]. He was employed by the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from 1880 to 1901[10][7], De Heraut from 1870 to 1920[10][7], and De Standaard from 1872 to 1919[10][7]. Additionally, he held a second employment period at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam[10][7].In politics, he served as the Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1901 to 1905[10] and as the Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations from 1901 to 1905[10]. In academia, he was the university president of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from 1880 to 1881[10] and again from 1887 to 1888[10].

## Summary
Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920) was the Prime Minister of the Netherlands and a prominent theologian who founded the Anti-Revolutionary Party and the newspaper De Standaard, significantly shaping Dutch politics and religious life through his Neo-Calvinist movement.

## Biography
- Born: 1837-10-29
- Nationality: Netherlands
- Education: educated_at: Q156598, Q752663 (institutions attended but no specific degrees listed)
- Known for: Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1837–1920) and founder of the Anti-Revolutionary Party and De Standaard newspaper
- Employer(s): Q1065414, Q21005208, Q1180316, Q1065414 (various organizations including the Anti-Revolutionary Party)
- Field(s): Politics, theology, journalism

## Contributions
Abraham Kuyper founded the Anti-Revolutionary Party in 1879, establishing it as a major Dutch political force. He also established the newspaper De Standaard in 1872, which became a key publication for his political and theological views. His work contributed to the development of Neo-Calvinism, a Dutch theological movement that emerged around 1900.

## FAQs
- Where has Abraham Kuyper worked? He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands and was affiliated with the Anti-Revolutionary Party, as well as various academic institutions.
- What newspaper did Abraham Kuyper found? He founded De Standaard, a Dutch newspaper established in 1872.
- What political party did Abraham Kuyper create? He established the Anti-Revolutionary Party in 1879.
- What theological movement is associated with Abraham Kuyper? Neo-Calvinism, which emerged around 1900.

## Why They Matter
Kuyper's influence extended beyond Dutch politics to shape the relationship between religion and state in the Netherlands. His Neo-Calvinist movement emphasized the integration of religious principles into public life, influencing educational policies and social reforms. Without his leadership, the Dutch political landscape would have developed differently, particularly regarding the role of religious institutions in public affairs.

## Notable For
- First Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1879 to 1880 and again from 1880 to 1881, and later from 1888 to 1891 and 1894 to 1901
- Founder of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (1879)
- Founder of the newspaper De Standaard (1872)
- Key figure in the development of Neo-Calvinism (1900)
- Received recognition through various bibliographic identifiers including ISBN 000000008106206X and WorldCat ID 052486680

## Body
### Early Life
Abraham Kuyper was born on October 29, 1837. He received his education at institutions identified by Wikidata as Q156598 and Q752663, though specific degree information is not provided in the source material.

### Political Career
Kuyper began his political career by founding the Anti-Revolutionary Party on April 3, 1879. This party became a significant force in Dutch politics, representing conservative Protestant interests. He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands on multiple occasions: first from 1879 to 1880, then from 1880 to 1881, followed by terms from 1888 to 1891 and 1894 to 1901.

### Journalistic Work
In 1872, Kuyper established the newspaper De Standaard, which served as an important platform for his political and theological views. The newspaper operated until 1944 and became a key publication for the Anti-Revolutionary Party.

### Theological Movement
Kuyper was instrumental in developing Neo-Calvinism, a Dutch theological movement that emerged around 1900. This movement emphasized the integration of religious principles into all aspects of life, including politics, education, and social policy.

### Legacy and Recognition
Kuyper's contributions are recognized through various bibliographic identifiers including ISBN 000000008106206X, WorldCat ID 052486680, and multiple library catalog entries. His work has been documented in numerous academic sources and is referenced through various library systems worldwide.

## References

1. Onze Hoogleeraren
2. BnF authorities
3. Integrated Authority File
4. [Source](https://www.hdc.vu.nl/nl/Images/154_Kuyper_A_tcm215-834004.pdf)
5. [Source](https://www.geheugenvandevu.nl/download_file/630/428)
6. Onze Afgevaardigden (1913)
7. Onze Afgevaardigden (1909)
8. Onze Ministers (1901)
9. International Standard Name Identifier
10. Virtual International Authority File
11. CiNii Research
12. Abraham Kuijper. Biografisch Portaal
13. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
14. SNAC
15. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie
16. [Source](http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/325725/Abraham-Kuyper)
17. Freebase Data Dumps. 2013
18. [Om de oude wereldzee. Deel I.](https://www.stedelijk.nl/nl/collectie/84113-onbekend-om-de-oude-wereldzee.-deel-i.)