# A Tale of Two Models: Sources of Confusion in Achievement Testing

> Research article (ETS Research Report Series, 2017) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2760006047](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2760006047)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-tale-of-two-models-sources-of-confusion-in-achievement-testing