# A riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma: How semantic black boxes and opaque artificial intelligence confuse medical decision‐making

> Research article (Bioethics, 2021) · cited 33× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W3190431443](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W3190431443)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-riddle-wrapped-in-a-mystery-inside-an-enigma-how-semantic-black-boxes-and-opaque-artificial-intelligence-confuse-medic