# A hybrid deep-learning-metaheuristic framework for bi-level network design problems

> Research article (Expert Systems with Applications, 2023) · cited 12× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W4389430377](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W4389430377)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-hybrid-deep-learning-metaheuristic-framework-for-bi-level-network-design-problems