# A Heuristic Diagnostic Method for a PV System: Triple-Layered Particle Swarm Optimization–Back-Propagation Neural Network

> Research article (Energies, 2017) · cited 23× · AI/ML

**Wikidata**: [openalex:W2588070780](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/openalex:W2588070780)  
**Source**: https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-heuristic-diagnostic-method-for-a-pv-system-triple-layered-particle-swarm-optimizationback-propagation-neural-network